Fecal microbiota transplantation from fasting mice

Alternate day fasting (ADF) as a healthy dietary pattern has been reported to improve brain function and behavior, but the effect of ADF on diabetes-related brain disorders and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of ADF on anxiety-like behavior in type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice and explored the specific molecular mechanism from the perspective of the gut microbiota and host metabolism. Therefore, T1D and normal control (CON) mice were subjected to ADF for 10 weeks, and we next transferred fecal material from either T1D mice (T1D-R) or ADF-treated T1D mice (ADF-R) to T1D recipients for 10 weeks to establish a causal role of the gut microbiota. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomics methods were carried out to analyze the gut microbiome in feces of mice.