Tier 1 capital ratio at Deutsche Bank 2009-2023

Deutsche Bank’s tier 1 capital ratio increased to 16.1 percent in 2023 from 15.7 percent the year before. 2023 was the fifth consecutive year with increasing tier 1 capital ratio at the German bank. The ratio reported in 2022 was even higher than at JPMorgan Chase, one of the largest U.S. banks. What is tier 1 capital? Tier 1 capital is money that a bank must keep on hand, here expressed as a percentage of overall assets. This ratio is important because banks do not hold their total assets in their vault. Instead, they issue loans for which they can charge interest. The capital that they keep on hand is a buffer to ensure that they can cover any demands for withdrawals. Preventing a bank run If a large share of depositors request money at the same time, the bank may have trouble repaying them all immediately. This is called a bank run and can lead to bank failures, like those in 1930 and 1931. Fortunately, Deutsche Bank can rely on the European Central Bank’s marginal lending facility for overnight loans in case of a run on deposits. However, with a robust tier 1 capital ratio, the need for overnight loans should be minimal.

德国德意志银行的一级资本充足率于2023年上升至16.1%，较上年15.7%的比率有所增长。自2023年起，该德国银行的一级资本充足率连续五年呈上升趋势。2022年报告的比率甚至高于美国最大银行之一摩根大通。何为一级资本？一级资本是银行必须持有的资金，在此以占整体资产的比例来表示。此比率的重要性在于，银行并不将其全部资产存储在金库中。相反，它们发放贷款，并可对此收取利息。所持有的资本作为缓冲，以确保银行能够满足任何提款需求。预防银行挤兑：如果大量存款人在同一时间提出取款请求，银行可能难以立即偿还所有债务。这被称为银行挤兑，可能导致银行倒闭，如1930年和1931年的情形。幸运的是，德意志银行可以依靠欧洲中央银行提供的隔夜贷款便利设施来应对存款挤兑。然而，凭借稳健的一级资本比率，对隔夜贷款的需求应微乎其微。