The sequencing of hippocampal and cerebellar transcriptomes provides new insights into the complexity of gene regulation in the human brain

Hippocampus and cerebellum represent anatomically and functionally distinct parts of the human brain. Our understanding of the differences between these two regions on transcriptome level remains very limited, partly because of the technological drawbacks of the microarray technology. The RNA-Seq technique offers the possibility of investigating human transcriptome with unprecedented resolution, allowing not only to quantify transcripts levels but also to identify patterns of differential mRNA splicing and promoter usage on a genome-wide level.