ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY AND DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: NEW LEGAL CHALLENGES FOR THE CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DISARMAMENT REGIME

The article analyses the new challenges that the scientific and technological revolution in synthetic biology, genome editing and artificial intelligence poses to the international legal regime of chemical and biological disarmament. The author examines the legal nature of the dual-use problem, the practical limits of the general purpose criterion, and the legal status of the gateway between a digital design and a physical agent — DNA synthesis screening. Drawing on the examples of Novichok and central nervous system-acting chemicals, the article shows how normative regulation lags behind technological development. It concludes by substantiating legal avenues for adapting the regime to the new technological reality.