Plankton and benthic foraminiferal dataset for the study of the Eocene-Oligocene transition

The Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) was the crucial turning point when Earth’s climate shifted to its current icehouse state. Understanding how the marine biosphere responded during this transition is not well-constrained, appearing as a simple extinction pulse in low temporal resolution global compendia. Here we designed a novel AI-inspired metaheuristics algorithm to construct a high-resolution global species richness history across the EOT for the rich foraminifera fossil record with an imputed ~29,000-year resolution. The revealed diversity dynamics are complex and differ for each foraminiferal group with distinct ecology. Planktonic and shallow-water larger benthic foraminifera show steady diversity levels in the early phases of the transition in the latest Eocene after a long-term reduction, while the deeper-water small benthic foraminifera radiate remarkably and decline over the same interval. In the earliest Oligocene, the planktonic and larger foraminifera suffered major spec..., Data used in this study were manually collected from peer-reviewed publications. Each data record includes clear metadata linking back to the original source in the OneStratigraphy database. Any errors were corrected (e.g., spelling mistakes in species names), and missing information was filled in (e.g., latitude and longitude data). We selected sections/sites containing foraminifera occurrences from the Eocene to the Oligocene. The raw dataset contained 13,138 local bioevents records (i.e., first and last appearance records) and ~60,000 occurrences of 2,988 taxonomic units from 163 published stratigraphic sections, encompassing both calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera. These sections, including drill cores and outcrops, are widely distributed in the present oceans and continents such as Europe, Africa, and Asia. The dataset was first cleaned by excluding open nomenclature, such as sp./spp. (622), aff. (63), question marks for species names (6). Nevertheless, the conferring species..., , # Plankton and benthic foraminiferal dataset for the study of the Eocene-Oligocene transition

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jh9w0vtk5](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jh9w0vtk5)

We have submitted our raw data in both computable and readable formats, including a CSV file titled \"EOT_forams_Readable.csv\". Additionally, we have compiled a comprehensive package, \"EOT_forams_CONOP_r1.zip\", which encompasses the computable dataset (\"EOT_forams_Computable.csv\"), data transfer software (\"SinoCor2CONOP.exe\"), software for CONOP configuration and initialization (\"CONMAN.exe\" and \"CONOPDataInitialization-V2.exe\"), and the CONOP.EA packages (\"CONOP.EA_executable\" and \"CONOP.EA_source code\"), the benchmark results file (\"EOT_forams_CONOP_r1\CONOP.EA_executable\data\CONOP benchmark result.xlsx\"), and documentation (README.md and README.txt). This package is for analyzing foraminiferal data during the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) using the CONstrained OPtimization with an evolutionary algorith...,