Synergistic effects of microbial inoculants and SMS amendments on soil properties and Pinus seedling growth

This project investigates the synergistic effects of beneficial microbial inoculants and spent mushroom substrate (SMS) amendments on improving soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity, and Pinus sylvestris seedling growth in degraded soils. The study evaluates how different microbial inoculants, including Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter chroococcum, and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, contribute to soil restoration and sustainable reforestation practices.