Supplementary Material for: One-Year Mortality Rates in US Children with End-Stage Renal Disease

Background/Aims: Few published data describe survival
rates for pediatric end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. We aimed to
describe one-year mortality rates for US pediatric ESRD patients over a
15-year period. Methods: In this retrospective cohort
study, we used the US Renal Data System database to identify
period-prevalent cohorts of patients aged younger than 19 for each year
during the period 1995-2010. Yearly cohorts averaged approximately 1,200
maintenance dialysis patients (60% hemodialysis, 40% peritoneal
dialysis) and 1,100 transplant recipients. Patients were followed for up
to 1 year and censored at change in modality, loss to follow-up, or
death. We calculated the unadjusted model-based mortality rates per time
at risk, within each cohort year, by treatment modality (hemodialysis,
peritoneal dialysis, transplant) and patient characteristics; percentage
of deaths by cause; and overall adjusted odds of mortality by
characteristics and modality. Results: Approximately 50%
of patients were in the age group 15-18, 55% were male, and 45% were
female. The most common causes of ESRD were
congenital/reflux/obstructive causes (55%) and glomerulonephritis (30%).
One-year mortality rates showed evidence of a decrease in the number of
peritoneal dialysis patients (6.03 per 100 patient-years, 1995; 2.43,
2010; p = 0.0263). Mortality rates for transplant recipients (average
0.68 per 100 patient-years) were consistently lower than the rates for
all dialysis patients (average 4.36 per 100 patient-years). Conclusions: One-year mortality rates differ by treatment modality in pediatric ESRD patients.