赛里木湖全新世以来孢粉记录（全新世至今）

赛里木湖沉积岩芯的孢粉、炭屑记录重建了该地区全新世以来的植被和气候环境演化历史。9.6 cal. ka BP 前的早全新世，研究区以荒漠植被为主，气温回升，气候干旱; 9.6-5.5 cal. ka BP 的中全新世湖区为典型的荒漠草原/草原植被，气候温暖，湿度增加，其中 6.5-5.5 cal. ka BP 时期，研究区植被由荒漠草原/草原迅速转变为荒漠，可能是一次千年尺度的高温干旱气候事件。 5.5 cal. ka BP以来的中-晚全新世，研究区呈现出典型的草原/草甸景观， 气候温凉湿润，相对较为适宜。区域对比显示太阳辐射是造成区域温度变化的主要驱动因素，同时温度变化影响了区域的有效湿度的变化。该地区早全新世气候干旱，中-
晚全新世气候相对湿润的气候环境演化特征与季风影响区有着明显的差异。早全新世干旱是中纬度西风减弱和上风向蒸发减少的气候环流背景下叠加局地气候暖干、蒸发强烈的结果。

The pollen spores and charcoal records from the Sayram Lake sediment core reconstruct the evolutionary history of regional vegetation and climatic environmental changes since the Holocene.
During the Early Holocene prior to 9.6 cal. ka BP, the study area was dominated by desert vegetation, with rising temperatures and an arid climate.
During the Mid-Holocene (9.6–5.5 cal. ka BP), the lake region was characterized by typical desert steppe/grassland vegetation, with warm temperatures and increased humidity. Notably, during the 6.5–5.5 cal. ka BP interval, the regional vegetation rapidly shifted from desert steppe/grassland to desert, which likely represents a millennial-scale high-temperature and arid climatic event.
Since 5.5 cal. ka BP (the Mid-to-Late Holocene), the study area has exhibited typical steppe/meadow landscapes, with a temperate, cool and humid climate that was relatively favorable for ecological environments.
Regional comparative analyses show that solar radiation was the primary driving factor for regional temperature changes, and temperature variations in turn affected changes in regional effective moisture. The climatic evolution characteristics of this region—arid in the Early Holocene and relatively humid in the Mid-to-Late Holocene—differ significantly from those of monsoon-influenced regions. The arid climate during the Early Holocene resulted from the superposition of local warm and arid conditions with intense evaporation, under the climatic circulation background of weakened mid-latitude westerlies and reduced upwind evaporation.