Supplementary materials 4

This file consolidates three supporting items that provide additional detail for readers who wish to explore the study context and practical implications: • Figure 2S – Full branching logic of the online questionnaire, illustrating how respondents were routed according to professional role and species focus and pinpointing the location of each training-gap question. • Figure 4S – Distribution of respondents’ prior biosecurity experience, showing years of practice across all stakeholder groups and thereby indicating the depth and spread of practical knowledge represented in the data set. • Table S4 – “Ideal biosecurity-training programme” – A tiered example curriculum that operationalizes the study’s recommendations. It lists essential, recommended and optional modules, their delivery modes, SOLO-level learning outcomes, and guidance on what to priorities or omit when resources are limited.