Generation of morphologies based on number of mitotic events and probability of apoptosis.

(A) Varying the probability of apoptosis and the mitosis frequency, we observe the emergence of solid and comedo morphologies at high proliferation rates with low apoptosis and micropapillary morphology at low proliferation rates with high apoptosis. (B) The cribriform morphology emerged occasionally, but not consistently for any of these conditions. Image shown from 1% apoptosis and 25 mitotic events. (C) Schematic of cell division when the division axis is specified to be perpendicular to the epithelial cell layer. Cells shown in pink undergo cell division.