The whole genome sequencing of Klebsiella pneumoniae

The spread of Colistin resistance CRKP is driven by both the horizontal transfer of MCR-1 plasmids and the vertical clonal expansion of successful strains. The mechanisms like plasmid-mediated gene transfer can contribute, but the transmission of a whole resistant organism by clonal spread is a significant driver of large-scale outbreaks, such as those involving MRSA or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.