SRTM高程数据

license: Apache License 2.0

tags:
- 地理信息系统
- 数字高程模型
- SRTM

---

## 数据集描述

SRTM高程数据。

### 数据集简介

SRTM数据是由美国航空航天局（NASA）、国防部国家测绘局（NIMA）及德国宇航中心（DLR）联合开展的航天飞机雷达地形测绘任务（Shuttle Radar Topography Mission）获取的数字高程模型，覆盖北纬60°至南纬56°之间的全球80%陆地面积。该任务于2000年2月11日启动，采用SIR-C/X-SAR雷达系统进行单轨干涉测量，生成分辨率分别为1角秒（约30米）和3角秒（约90米）的数据产品，采用WGS84坐标系和EGM96大地水准面作为参考基准，数据以16位数值表示高程，正高程最大可达9000米，负高程覆盖至海平面以下12000米 。

2003年发布的SRTMv1版本存在数据空洞和噪声问题；2006年SRTMv2版本优化了水体边界但仍有缺陷；2013年SRTMv3版本填补所有空洞并于2015年开放1角秒分辨率数据免费下载。数据经多次迭代后绝对高程精度达到9米以内，成为应用最广的全球公开高程数据。

雷达影像数据覆盖全球陆地表面的80%以上，该计划共耗资3.64亿美元，获取的雷达影像数据经过两年多的处理，制成了数字地形高程模型，该测量数据覆盖中国全境。SRTM数据每经纬度方格提供一个文件，精度有1arc-second 和3 arc- seconds两种，称作SRTM1和SRTM3，或者称作30M和90M数据，SRTM1的文件里面包含3600×3600个采样点的高度数据，SRTM3的文件里面包含1200×1200个采样点的高度数据。能够免费获取中国境内的SRTM文件，是90m的数据，每个90m的数据点是由9个30m的数据点算术平均得来的。

本数据集提供覆盖中国大陆的大部分SRTM数据。

license: Apache License 2.0

tags:
- Geographic Information System (GIS)
- Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
- SRTM

---

## Dataset Description

SRTM Elevation Data.

### Dataset Overview

SRTM data is a digital elevation model (DEM) acquired by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), a joint project of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) of the U.S. Department of Defense, and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). It covers 80% of the global land area between 60° north latitude and 56° south latitude.

The mission was launched on February 11, 2000, using the SIR-C/X-SAR radar system for single-pass interferometry, producing data products with resolutions of 1 arc-second (approximately 30 meters) and 3 arc-seconds (approximately 90 meters), respectively. It adopts the WGS84 coordinate system and the EGM96 geoid as reference benchmarks. Elevation is represented by 16-bit numerical values, with positive elevations up to 9000 meters and negative elevations down to 12000 meters below sea level.

The initial SRTMv1 release in 2003 suffered from data voids and noise issues; the SRTMv2 version released in 2006 optimized water body boundaries but still had defects; the SRTMv3 version released in 2013 filled all voids, and in 2015, free download of 1 arc-second resolution data was made available. After multiple iterations, the absolute elevation accuracy of the data has reached within 9 meters, making it the most widely used global public elevation dataset.

The radar image data covers more than 80% of the global land surface. The project cost a total of 364 million U.S. dollars, and the acquired radar image data was processed for more than two years to create a digital terrain elevation model, with the survey data covering the entire territory of China.

SRTM data is provided as individual files per latitude-longitude grid cell, with two resolutions: 1 arc-second and 3 arc-seconds, referred to as SRTM1 and SRTM3, or 30M and 90M data respectively. An SRTM1 file contains elevation data of 3600×3600 sampling points, while an SRTM3 file contains elevation data of 1200×1200 sampling points. Currently, the freely accessible SRTM files within China are the 90m resolution data, where each 90m data point is arithmetically averaged from 9 30m data points.

This dataset provides most of the SRTM data covering mainland China.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

SRTM高程数据是由NASA、NIMA和DLR联合项目获取的全球数字高程模型，覆盖地球80%的陆地表面，提供1弧秒（约30米）和3弧秒（约90米）分辨率的数据，使用WGS84坐标系统和EGM96大地水准面作为基准，绝对高程精度在9米内。该数据集特别提供了中国大陆地区的高程数据，是广泛使用的公开全球高程数据集。