16S rRNA gene sequencing raw data of bacterial communities in paddy and non-paddy soils

Soil samples were collected from 99 paddy fields and 79 surrounding lands across four typical rice-growing regions of China during the tillering phase of rice growth in 2015. Of the 99 paddy soils, 24 were from Sanjiang Plain, 26 from Lianghu Plain, 26 from Taihu Plain, and 23 from Hani Terrace; Of the 79 soils from surrounding lands, there were 23 from Sanjiang Plain, 13 from Lianghu Plain, 24 from Taihu Plain, and 19 from Hani Terrace. Thus, the paddy soil microbiota from four typical Chinese rice-growing regions were characterized and compared to non-paddy soils collected from adjacent lands, which demonstrated that paddy soils biogeography is significantly different from other lands.