fire safety provisions

Fire safety in buildings is a critical issue that often receives attention only after a tragic fire occurs. “The National Building Code of Canada (NRC, 1995) defines fire safety as the objective to reduce the probability of individuals being exposed to unacceptable fire hazards due to building design and construction” [1]. It is crucial to review the design and construction of buildings, particularly escape routes and safe assembly areas. However, the current practice of installing iron grills on balconies, intended to enhance security, has inadvertently increased the risk of occupants becoming trapped in the event of a fire.
Ramachandran (1999) suggests that safety is the opposite of risk, acknowledging that absolute safety is unattainable. However, “a building may be considered "very safe" from fire if it exhibits low fire risk associated with its structure, contents, and occupants. While occupants play a vital role in mitigating fire risk through appropriate evacuation behavior, their actions can sometimes be unpredictable”. Proulx (1995) notes that elderly and mobility-impaired occupants may wait in their units to be rescued during evacuations, posing challenges for firefighters, especially in buildings without fire lifts.
In Bangalore, residential buildings are particularly vulnerable to fire incidents, as evidenced by fire statistics showing a significant number of annual cases and victims. The difficulty in identifying the causes of these fires, exacerbated by destroyed evidence, underscores the risks associated with occupying high-rise buildings.

建筑消防安全是一项至关重要的议题，往往仅在悲剧性火灾发生后才受到关注。《加拿大国家建筑规范》（NRC，1995年）将消防安全定义为旨在降低个体因建筑设计与施工而面临不可接受火灾危害的概率的目标[1]。对建筑的设计与施工进行审查至关重要，尤其是逃生路线和安全的集合区域。然而，目前安装于阳台的旨在增强安全性的铁栅栏，却无意中增加了居民在火灾中被困的风险。
Ramachandran（1999年）提出，安全是风险的相反面，承认绝对的安全是无法实现的。然而，如果一栋建筑能够显示出与其结构、内容和使用者相关的低火灾风险，则可以认为该建筑在消防安全方面是“非常安全”的。尽管居民通过适当的疏散行为在减轻火灾风险方面发挥着至关重要的作用，但他们的行为有时却难以预测。Proulx（1995年）指出，老年人和行动不便的居民在疏散过程中可能会待在自己的单元内等待救援，这对消防员来说尤其构成挑战，尤其是在没有消防电梯的建筑中。
在班加罗尔，住宅建筑特别容易发生火灾，这一点从火灾统计数据中可以看出，每年都有大量的火灾案例和受害者。由于证据被销毁而加剧的火灾原因难以确定，突显了居住在高层建筑中存在的风险。