Risk-Informed Sustainable Tourism Planning Using Hierarchical GIS Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Google Earth Engine

· A national-scale GIS-HMCDA framework maps tourism potential across Nepal using open geospatial data. · Equal weighting of natural, cultural, infrastructure, and environmental criteria reveals overlooked tourism potential in remote regions · Independent Mapillary validation confirms a strong association between modelled tourism potential and observed visitor activity. · Hazard overlays identify high-potential tourism areas exposed to landslide and flood susceptibility, supporting risk-informed planning Flood and landslide data are available through co-author of the paper https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44288-026-00670-8