Research Data: The different osteogenic profile of miRNA obtained from Processed Lipoaspirate Cells and Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Selecting the optimal mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) source for tissue engineering depends on understanding their molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression serving as markers of MSC osteogenic differentiation. We compared dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and processed lipoaspirate cells (PLAs) for osteogenic potential and microRNA expression during osteogenic induction. DPSCs exhibited superior extracellular matrix production than PLAs. Ten microRNAs were differentially expressed between DPSCs and PLAs at day 21 (miR-615-3p, miR-10b-5p, miR-10a-5p, miR-196a-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-335-5p, miR-483-3p, miR-95-3p, miR-31-5p, miR-598-3p), they could predict biomarkers for MSC osteogenic differentiation. Our findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC osteogenic plasticity suggest that modulating specific microRNAs may enhance their osteogenic potential, advancing MSCs application in translational bone tissue engineering. Significance Statement: Our investigation demonstrates that Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) exhibit a statistically significant superior osteogenic differentiation potential compared to processed lipoaspirate cells (PLAs) when subjected to identical osteoinductive conditions. Furthermore, we identified ten distinct microRNAs that are consistently and differentially expressed in DPSCs. These specific microRNA profiles serve as predictive biomarkers for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic capacity. These findings not only elucidate the molecular underpinnings of enhanced DPSC differentiation but also offer novel, targeted strategies for modulating MSC osteogenesis, thereby significantly advancing their application in translational bone tissue engineering for complex skeletal repair challenges.