Airway epithelial cells are crucial for mucosal and adaptive immunity as they produce mucins that trap and clear inhaled particulates by mucociliary activity, and also secrete diverse inflammatory med
The epithelium of the intestine functions as the primary “frontline” physical barrier for protection from enteric microbiota. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) distributed along the intestinal epithe
Background/Aims: There is a heterogeneous subset innate myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, in the human intestinal lamina propria. Several studies have demonstrated that these cel
The molecular mechanisms involved in host pathogen interactions at mucosal surfaces needs to be better understood in order to develop immune-mediated methods of protection against pathogens. Cholera t
BackgroundCurrently, sufficient data exist to support the use of lactobacilli as candidates for the development of new oral targeted vaccines. To this end, we have previously shown that Lactobacillus