Khandibharad2022 - IL-12 regulation by IL-10 in Leishmaniasis

In this model, TLR2-TLR6 mediates MyD88 pathway gets activated, which activates IL-12 production and induces iNOS expression when the Macrophage is infected with Leishmania parasite. The early induction of IL-10 takes place which leads to the induction of NFIL3, HDAC3, and SHP-1. They inhibit IL-12 production and thus hamper IL-12 induced IFN-gamma mediated; Nitric oxide production. A key transcription factor NFAT5 connects IL-12 and IL-10 pathways. It upregulates IL-12 and downregulates IL-10. In this model, NFAT5 is downregulated which is also inhibiting IL-12.