RawData.xlsx

This dataset supports a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions for reducing visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in adults, a key driver of cardio-renal-hepatic-metabolic (CRHM) risks, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease. Conducted under PRISMA guidelines, the study searched PubMed (January 1, 2010–August 5, 2025) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing VAT via computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in adults ≥18 years, excluding those with Type 1 Diabetes, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy, or acute organ insufficiency.Thirty six RCTs involving 5,769 participants were included for this meta-analysis. Interventions included Diet,, Exercise, Diet + Exercise, and GLP1RA-based treatment. The primary outcome was % VAT Change, with secondary outcomes including Total Fat % Change, BMI Change, Weight Change, and Waist Circumference Change.Data were extracted using a standardized Excel template, capturing study characteristics (author, year, intervention, comparison, sample size, duration), participant characteristics (age, weight, BMI, waist circumference, total fat, VAT, female proportion, T2DM prevalence), and outcomes. Meta-analyses used random-effects models in R (metafor package, version 4.2.3), with prediction intervals to assess heterogeneity. Key findings include Diet + Exercise achieving the largest VAT reduction (-18.19%, 95% CI[-27.26, -9.12]), followed by GLP1RT(-14.23%, PI [-18.80, 9.66]), with VLED, tirzepatide, and retatrutide leading their categories. Semaglutide doses >1.0 mg enhanced VAT reduction beyond BMI/weight loss. Weight loss correlated strongly with VAT reduction. Moderators included age, T2DM, and adiposity.This dataset includes two Excel files: "RCTs.xlsx" (36 RCTs, study-level data) and "Analysis.xlsx" (including multi-arm studies). Variables include study identifiers, intervention details, participant demographics, and outcome measures (% VAT Change, etc.), with units (cm², liters, kg) specified. A README file explains the data structure, variable definitions, and extraction methodology. The dataset supports reproducibility, secondary analyses, and future meta-research on VAT-targeted interventions for obesity management.