Replication Data for: Regionalización de la reflectancia en lentic systems tropicales y subtropicales using PAM Clustering and Varimax Rotation

Regionalization of Reflectance in Tropical and Subtropical Lentic Systems Using PAM Clustering and Varimax Rotation This dataset supports the article published in GIScience & Remote Sensing and provides a standardized regional spectral baseline for 20,613 surface water bodies located at tropical and subtropical latitudes (< 30°). Monthly and annual reflectance clusters were derived from Landsat visible bands using Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) clustering. The optimal number of clusters (k = 7) was validated using the Caliński-Harabasz and Silhouette indices. Post-clustering, Varimax rotation was applied to maximize the interpretability of factorial loadings. The dataset includes spectral signatures for each cluster, monthly and annual cluster assignments, Varimax-rotated eigenvectors, and environmental covariates (climatic, edaphic, and geological data). These regional reflectance clusters capture a gradient from oligotrophic clear waters to hypereutrophic turbid systems, with marked seasonal variability (ARI < 0.8, NMI < 0.8). This repository enables full reproducibility of the remote sensing-based regionalization and supports large-scale monitoring of optical water quality anomalies in lentic systems.