Evaluation of Water Use Efficiency of OECD Countries Using Multi-Criteria Decision- Making Methods

This study evaluates the water use performance of OECD countries under resource pressure using four Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques: ARAS, MARCOS, CODAS, and COPELAND. Accordingly, seven indicators were employed to assess performance: industrial water use efficiency, water use efficiency in irrigated agriculture, water use efficiency in the service sector, overall sectoral water use efficiency, water stress, agricultural water withdrawal from total renewable water resources as a percentage and freshwater withdrawal from total renewable water resources as a percentage. These criteria, which include data for 2020, were obtained from the website of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and all of them are of equal weight and were analyzed with the help of the JMcDM package in the Julia programming language (https://github.com/jbytecode/JMcDM).