Supplementary Fig1 from Morphological Constraints in Hymenopteran Forewings Limit Flight Efficiency Optimisation

Supplementary Figure 1. Optimality landscapes displaying pairwise trade-offs between flight efficiency metrics, (a) trade-off between AR and (r_2 ) ̂, (b) trade-off between AR and VMS, (c) trade-off between (r_2 ) ̂ and VMS. Each landscape displays Pareto rankings for theoretical wings falling between 0 (poorly optimised) and 1 (optimal morphology) with respect to the trade-offs analysed. The grey box in the top left corner indicates a region of impossible shape space and the 57 wing shapes excluded from functional testing.