GESIS Panel - Extended Edition

The GESIS Panel provides a probability-based mixed-mode access panel infrastructure located at GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences in Mannheim, Germany. The project offers the social science community an opportunity to collect survey data from a representative sample of the German population. Submitted study proposals are evaluated based on a scientific review process.

Panel members were initially recruited in 2013 in face-to-face interviews followed by a self-administered profile survey. The mode was chosen by the participants. All participants of the profile survey are considered as members of the panel and invited to the bi-monthly regular waves. The starting cohort encompassed 4900 panelists at the beginning of 2014.

In order to compensate for panel attrition, a refreshment sample was drawn in 2016, using the General Social Survey (ALLBUS) interview as vehicle. The initial cohort encompasses German speaking respondents aged between 18 and 70 years (at the time of recruitment) and permanently residing in Germany, whereas the second cohort includes respondents from the age of 18 without upper restriction.

In 2018 a third recruitment sample was drawn, which was integrated with the wave ge. The third cohort also includes respondents aged 18 and over without an upper limit.
Retroactively, cases up to and including wave fc (third wave from 2018) were added to the data. The Data Manual (ZA5664-65_sd_data-manual) has been reissued and there is a corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_mb_recruitment2018).

The ALLBUS Sample is based on a disproportional sampling of respondents from the western and eastern part of Germany. A design weight that enables integration of the two recruitment cohorts is included into the dataset.
For more details, please see the methods reports of the recruitment processes and die GESIS Panel reference paper (Bosnjak et al., 2017).

In March 2020, a special GESIS panel survey was conducted on the SARS-CoV-2 resp. COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak in Germany.

In 2021, the fourth recruitment sample was drawn using the German International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), which was integrated with wave ja. The fourth cohort also includes respondents aged 18 and older with no upper limit. For more information, see the corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_r_i12.pdf).

In 2023, the fifth recruitment sample was drawn using the German European Social Survey (ESS Round 11), which was integrated with the wave la. The fifth cohort includes respondents aged 18 and over with no upper limit. For more information, see the corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_r_k12.pdf).

GESIS Panel Demographic Dataset
Starting with version 43-0-0 the longitudinal demographic dataset became part of the dissemination package. The dataset is a longitudinal dataset (long format), with harmonized measurements on demographic variables:
Respondent ID; timepoint of survey; corresponding wave; survey year; recruitment cohort; sex of respondent; year of birth; month of birth; highest level of education; personal net income; household net income; marital status; AAPOR disposition code; mode of invitation; mode of participation.<br>The following description of the contents begins with the most recent wave.

Part of every survey for all respondents (except in the Recruitment Interview):
mode of invitation; mode of participation; date of the beginning an the end of the fieldwork; break during the survey and its duration; date, on wich the questionnaire was completed; estimated duration; mode of participation; place of participation (at home or somewhere else); duration of the questionnaie (online); page history and last completed page (online); time needed to complete each page (online); date of receipt; shape and version of the received questionnaire (offline); AAPOR wave code; disposition code (online); conceptual stimulus of the question (through wave bb); comprehensability of the questions; from on wave ba: difficulties in answering the questions; other people present during the interview; respondents feedback; from on wave aa: JavaScript version; Flash version; Browser information: User Agent String (UAS); from on wave cb: experimental variable: groups; from on wave ec: recruitment cohort and weight;
survey evaluation (part of every panel wave): respondents evaluation of the questionnaire. Wave db closes with study zq on survey evaluation, which is a GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study and is part of every panel wave.
Respondents paradata are documented in a separate csv file (see codebook).

Wave lb:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Environmental attitudes and behavior (zd): Attitudes towards the relationship between humans and the environment (NEP scale: Approaching maximum number of people that can be fed by the earth, right of humans to adapt the environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention in nature, human ingenuity will prevent uninhabitability of the earth, abuse of the environment by humans, sufficient natural resources, equal right to life of plants and animals as humans, Balance of nature stable enough, humans subject to the laws of nature, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited space and resources, humans destined to rule over nature, delicate balance of nature, humans will be able to control nature, heading for environmental catastrophe); willingness to pay for environmental protection (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifices in standard of living).
Energy transition: Attitude towards the energy transition (renewable energies not sufficient to supply industrialized countries, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants essential for electricity supply, future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, danger from nuclear power plants, energy transition destroys Germany as an industrial location, no alternative to conversion); opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (moving ahead vs. adapting to other countries); seriousness of the problem of climate change.
Mobility and transport: Frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train on longer journeys).
Awareness of sustainable consumption: purchase of organic food and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity.

GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Personality and personal values (ze): Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: rather reserved, reserved, trusting, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, critical tendency, thorough, nervous and insecure, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Conservation, emphasizing own achievements, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving instructions for action, obeying laws, taking care of others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of own achievements, justice, figuring things out).

Intra-individual development of national pride in Germany during the 2024 UEFA European Football Championship (ek): proud to be German; interest in the broadcasts of international soccer matches of the German men´s national team.

Increasing respondents´ survey literacy: A knowledge intervention to detect misleading survey results (eq): Attitude towards citizens´ insurance; party sympathy (CDU, CSU, SPD, Greens, FDP, AfD, Die Linke).

Experiment on the trustworthiness and quality of surveys and survey results using the example of a survey on citizens´ insurance (factors: training to evaluate the survey method/ misleading statement by a politician about the quality of the survey): Trust in the survey; reason for existing or lack of trust in the survey (open).

Comparative analysis of open-ended vs. close-ended approaches: Addressing the most important political problem (el): Experiment for comparative analysis of open and closed approaches with regard to the currently most important and second most important political problem in Germany as well as most competent party to solve these problems.

Voting intentions and behavior in the 2024 European Elections (ep): Voting intention in the 2024 European election or participation in the 2024 European election; voting decision in the 2024 European election.

Social inequality, use of digital health technologies and health behavior (ed): Health behavior in the last seven days: Frequency of physical activity, frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables and unhealthy foods, and frequency of smoking; number of cigarettes, cigars/cigarillos, pipes, milliliters of liquid in e-cigarettes, disposable e-cigarettes, tobacco sticks in tobacco heaters smoked per day; use of digital technologies in health-related areas (fitness, smoking (reduce or quit), diet, other (open), none); Initiative to use digital technology in the health sector (self-selected, application was pre-installed, recommendation by private person, recommendation by healthcare professional, prescription by healthcare professional, other - open), reasons for not using digital technologies in health-related areas in the last seven days (use less frequently than weekly, no interest/need, not familiar with such technologies, not familiar with them, financial costs, data protection concerns, do not have technical requirements, other - open).

Offline- and online social contacts during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany (en): Frequency of contacts outside the home in the last two weeks; number of people with face-to-face contact in the last two weeks; number of people with telephone/video contact in the last two weeks.

Social online- and offline-contacts, loneliness and the role of self-esteem (eo): Attitude towards self (all in all, I am satisfied with myself, I have a positive attitude towards myself); Feelings: Frequency of feelings (lacking the company of others, feeling left out, feeling socially isolated, having a lot in common with people around me, feeling close to other people).

Exploring the influence of multidimensional loneliness and locus of control on voting behavior (es): Belief of control (my life is largely determined by others, my plans are often thwarted by fate, I am in control of my own life).

Investigating political participation through the lens of ostracism in the context of the European 2024 election (er): Frequency of experiencing ostracism in the last two months (Other people have excluded me from conversations, other people have treated me as if I am not there); Frequency of experiencing close people avoiding me because of different political views in the last two months; Satisfaction with government in the last two months (current German government has ignored the needs of people like me, current European government (European Commission) has ignored the needs of people like me).

Wave la:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Subjective well-being (zb): Life satisfaction (satisfaction with previous life, with present life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure time, friends, neighborhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed or feeling down, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless).

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Social and Political Participation (zc): Interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, bought or boycotted a certain product, participated in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet); intention to vote in the next general election and voting decision (Sunday question); frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs and organizations in the last 12 months (sports and leisure club, church or religious organization, association for art, music, cultural activities, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organization, charity organization, parents´ or school association, other); political effectiveness (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions on political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians do not care what people think); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; left-right self-assessment.

Intra-individual development of national pride in Germany during the 2024 UEFA European Football Championship (ek): Proud to be German; interested in the broadcasts of international soccer matches of the German men´s national team.

Distribution and Use of (new) digital technologies (em): Regular use of various digital technologies (programs or apps for video-based communication (video calls e.g. via WhatsApp, MS Teams, Zoom, Skype, FaceTime), programs or apps for analyzing security risks (e.g. firewalls, anti-virus software, data security programs), programs or apps for information and data processing (e.g. online bookings, online banking, customer or goods management, project management), programs or apps for electronic control or granting of security clearances and access (e.g. key cards, RFID chips, etc.), security cameras for surveillance, applications for determining the location of other people (e.g. via smartphone, GPS (in vehicles), smartwatches, etc.), programs or apps for spreadsheets, financial or tax calculations); being affected by various digital technologies used by other persons (monitoring of own computer activities by other persons, monitoring by third-party security cameras, location determination (e.g. of own smartphone, vehicle, smartwatch, etc.) by other persons); familiarization with previously unused digital technologies in the last three months; assessment of digital technologies (make life easier, prefer to have them explained by others, feel overwhelmed in everyday life, security risk, if the possibilities of digitalization are not used, many jobs will be lost in Germany).

Comparative Analysis of Open-ended vs. Close-ended Approaches: Addressing the Most Important Political Problem (el): Experiment for the comparative analysis of open and closed approaches with regard to the currently most important and second most important political problem in Germany as well as the most suitable party for solving these problems, party identification and strength of party identification.

Voting intentions and behavior in the 2024 European Elections (ep): Participation intention in the 2024 European elections; voting decision in the 2024 European elections; participation in the 2019 European elections.

Wave kd:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences (zi): Attitudes towards surveys in general (important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, enjoy postal and internet questionnaires, invasion of privacy, fun to be interviewed for surveys, interesting in itself, asked to participate too often, tiring to answer many questions); naming the three most important reasons for participating in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor (open); opinion on participation in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor in 2023 (regular discussions with third parties about survey topics, feeling of obligation to participate, participation became a habit, suits me, identification with the GESIS Society Monitor); overall rating of the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor surveys in 2023 and school grade; likelihood of recommending participation in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor to friends; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels.

Internet access and Internet use: frequency of use of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; participation preferences GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor: probability of participation in each case via paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred participation mode.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Demography Update (zh): sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; permanent partner; shared household with partner; highest general school-leaving qualification; type of vocational training qualifications; type of higher education institution at which the higher education qualification was obtained; household size; children under 16 in the household; number of children under 16 in the household; net personal income; net household income.

Demography: Religion (zt): Current affiliation with a church or religious community; previous affiliation with a church or religious community; church or religious community; frequency of attendance at church, mosque, synagogue, or place of worship in the past 12 months; frequency of prayers in the past month; religiosity.

Social inequality, mobile health technology use and health behaviour (ed): Frequency of physical activity in the past seven days; frequency of fruit and vegetable and unhealthy food consumption in the past seven days; frequency of smoking in the past seven days; number of cigarettes, cigars/cigarillos, pipes, milliliters of liquid in e-cigarettes, disposable e-cigarettes, tobacco sticks in tobacco heaters smoked per day; use of digital technologies in health-related areas (fitness, smoking (reduce or quit), diet, other (open), none); initiative to use digital technology in the health sector (self-selected, application was pre-installed, recommendation by private individuals, recommendation by healthcare professionals, prescription by healthcare professionals, other - open), reasons for not using digital technologies in health-related areas in the last seven days (use less frequently than weekly, no interest/need, not familiar with such technologies, not familiar with them, financial costs, data protection concerns, do not have the technical requirements, other - open).

Does Descriptive Representation Matter? (ef): Opinion on occupations of members of the Bundestag before entering parliament (Different occupational groups should be represented in the German Bundestag according to their share in the population, members of parliament should have professional experience outside politics, too few members of the Bundestag same occupational group as me); estimated proportion of 100 Germans aged 18 and over who work in an apprenticeship occupation; estimated proportion of 100 members of the Bundestag who worked in an apprenticeship occupation before entering the Bundestag.

Analyzing spatially-explicit perceptions of extreme weather events in Germany (ej): Increasing risk of heat waves, storms, heavy rainfall, droughts and of flooding in Germany and in the community of residence; climate change increases the risk of heat waves, storms, heavy rainfall, droughts and of flooding in Germany; extent of fear of climate change; explanation regarding fear of climate change (open); community of residence is well prepared for extreme weather events; Germany is well prepared for extreme weather events; likelihood of moving to another region or country due to climate change; confidence in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) statement that human-induced climate change is already having an impact on many weather and climate extremes in all regions of the world.

Attitudes towards partnerships with newly arrived refugees (dy): Vignette experiment on the marriage of a relative to a refugee with different attributes regarding the gender of the relative(s), the gender and country of origin (Ukraine, Syria, Afghanistan) of the refugee, the religion (Muslim, Christian) and religiosity (religion plays an important/no major role in life) as well as the educational qualification (no educational qualification, university degree) of the refugee; number of people in the community of residence (city size).

Wave kc:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Media Use (zf): Frequency of use of selected media (television, watching films and videos, listening to music, listening to the radio, reading newspapers, reading magazines, reading books); Internet use: frequency of use of the Internet, World Wide Web or emails for private purposes; devices for Internet use (stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet, smartphone, television, games console, e-book reader, smartwatch, fitness wristband, smart speaker, other); activity of Internet use (e.g. listening to music or watching films, etc.); self-assessment of ability to use the Internet; use of social media (e.g. Facebook, Facebook, tablet, smartphone, television, games console, e-book reader, smartwatch, fitness wristband, smart speaker, other). e.g. listening to music or watching films, etc.); self-assessment of ability to use the Internet; use of social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, etc., other, no use) in the last three months; affinity for technology (exciting to try out new technologies and devices, own technical devices at the cutting edge of technology, Internet simplifies communication between people); self-assessment of ability to use smartphones.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): Employment situation.

GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Work and Leisure (zg): Job description: Selected aspects of current work (working fast, large workload, frequent technical disruptions in work flow, organizational problems, understanding other people´s feelings, strong concentration, physically hard work, learning and developing, fear of job loss, autonomy in decision-making, helping colleagues and superiors, making a positive difference to other people, important role in life, often exhausted by work); management function; fixed-term employment contract or permanent employment contract; agreed working hours in hours (open) and actual working hours per week including overtime (open); professional activity; same profession as one year ago; sector (NACE); possibility of working from home; proportion working from home; activity if not gainfully employed.

GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Attitudes towards refugees (zj): Empathy with refugees; sympathy for refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and collective prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in the residential environment.

Prediction-based adaptive designs for panel surveys (ea): Political interest; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, participated in a citizens´ initiative, bought or boycotted a certain product, participated in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet, wrote a letter to the editor of a newspaper, discussed politics with friends, participated in politics in some other way); Sunday question Participation intention and voting decision; participation in organizations; political effectiveness; civic norms (showing solidarity, voting, obeying laws); general trust and trust in institutions (Bundestag, federal government, city administration, courts, police, political parties, universities, media, European Union, United Nations); satisfaction with democracy in Germany; left-right self-assessment; agreement with various statements on Germany´s political system (parliament is the most suitable institution for legislation, public welfare and not own interests in the foreground, government should develop planned measures in close dialog with citizens and those affected); agreement with statements on democratic decision-making procedures (acceptance of democratic decisions, understanding the reasons for other opinions, protecting the rights of minorities, majority decisions must apply, large majority in favor of a political decision speaks for the right decision); interest in environmental protection; forms of participation in environmental protection activities in the last 12 months; Intention to participate in environmental protection organization; known environmental protection organizations; affected by various environmental influences in the last 12 months; agreement with various statements on climate change (too complicated, forming opinions on climate change is easy, politicians only interested in votes and not in the consequences of climate change, politicians do not care about the consequences of climate change); attitude towards climate protection standards (renunciation of fossil fuels, expansion of renewable energies, phasing out nuclear energy, energy efficiency of buildings, promotion of public transport, promotion of e-mobility); general environmental awareness; acceptance of various climate protection measures; (paying higher taxes, downsizing living space, reducing consumption, avoiding cars, avoiding animal products, paying higher prices, avoiding air travel, avoiding disposable products, recycling raw materials, reducing energy consumption); satisfaction with climate protection in Germany; seriousness of the problem of climate change; self-assessment with regard to environmental protection (Do everything to preserve the natural environment, behave respectfully towards the environment, wistful when I think about the environment); personal relationship to nature (Important to engage in environmental issues, see myself as part of nature, if I had enough time and money, I would invest part of it in environmental protection, feel better in nature, more natural lifestyle would solve problems, have a lot in common with other living beings, am part of the ecosystem, am rooted in a particular place, behave responsibly towards the earth, am part of nature, prefer a small apartment with a view of the countryside, parts of nature have their own personality, spending time in nature is important to me, spend a lot of time in nature, nature is more beautiful than any work of art, same interests as environmentalists, nature experiences strengthen mentally and spiritually).

dbd Digital Behavioral Data Sample Recriutment (ei): Recruitment of a new panel (GESIS pulse) from an existing panel: 2x2 factorial experiment to formulate the recruitment question. The first experimental factor is the incentive to participate (5 vs. 10 euros) and the second factor is the salience of the information about the incentives (highlighted vs. not highlighted). The data for the dbd Digital Behavioral Data Sample Recriutment (ei) is initially intended for internal use only.

Wave kb:
Environmental attitudes and behavior (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zd): Attitudes towards the relationship between humans and the environment (NEP scale: Approaching maximum number of people that can be fed by the earth, right of humans to adapt the environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention in nature, human ingenuity will prevent uninhabitability of the earth, abuse of the environment by humans, sufficient natural resources, equal right to life of plants and animals as humans, Balance of nature stable enough, humans subject to the laws of nature, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited space and resources, humans destined to rule over nature, delicate balance of nature, humans will be able to control nature, heading for environmental catastrophe); Willingness to pay for environmental protection (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifices in standard of living).
Energy transition: Attitude towards the energy transition (renewable energies not sufficient to supply industrialized countries, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants essential for electricity supply, future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, danger from nuclear power plants, energy transition destroys Germany as an industrial location, no alternative to conversion); opinion towards the nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (moving ahead vs. adapting to other countries); seriousness of the problem of climate change.
Mobility and transport: Frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train on longer journeys).
Awareness of sustainable consumption: purchase of organic food and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity.

Personality and personal values (GESIS Panel Core Study Module) (ze): Psychological self-characterization (Big Five Inventory (BFI-10): reserved, trusting, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, critical tendency, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Conservation, emphasizing own achievements, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving instructions for action, obeying laws, taking care of others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of own achievements, justice, figuring things out).

Rise, fall, or transformation of the experience society (eb): Values (success; being respected, being admired for one´s abilities, being able to afford expensive things, exciting life, fun, doing things that give pleasure, enjoying life to the full, trying different things, putting environmental concerns first, using as few resources as possible, limiting one´s standard of living for the benefit of the environment, living life without stress and pressure, living relaxed and avoiding hectic pace, consciously perceiving every moment in life, aligning life with innermost feelings, adhering to customs and traditions, living life in an orderly fashion, always following all rules to the letter); conflicting goals: prosperity and success vs. fun and enjoyable experiences, prosperity and success vs. inner balance, prosperity and success vs. consideration for nature and the environment, fun and enjoyable experiences vs. inner balance, fun and enjoyable experiences vs. consideration for nature and the environment, Inner balance vs. respect for nature and the environment; characterization of one´s own life (full of prosperity and success, full of fun and beautiful experiences, full of balance and free of stress, full of respect for nature and the environment; self-assessment of class affiliation on a top-bottom scale; type of society in Germany; distribution of net household income in Germany; distribution of wealth in Germany; degree of realization of selected aspects in Germany (protection of the environment, fair distribution of wealth, equality between men and women, equal opportunities); assessment of the potential for conflict between selected social groups (rich and poor, generations, natives and migrants, urban and rural population); annoyance about wealth differences in Germany; agreement with the following statements: differences in income are an incentive for personal achievement, you can´t bring children into the world the way the future looks.

Perceptions of economic inequality and their impact on democratic support (eg): Preferences with regard to important political decisions (exclusively by elected parliaments, more involvement of expert commissions, more dialog procedures with citizens, more referendums).

Social contacts during COVID-19 (dv): Frequency of contacts outside the home in the last two weeks; number of people with face-to-face contact in the last two weeks; number of people with telephone/video contact in the last two weeks.

Social inequalities, mobile health technologies usage and health behavior (ed): Frequency of physical activity in the past seven days; frequency of fruit and vegetable and unhealthy food consumption in the past seven days; frequency of smoking in the past seven days; number of cigarettes, cigars/cigarillos, pipes, milliliters of liquid in e-cigarettes, disposable e-cigarettes, tobacco sticks in tobacco heaters smoked per day; use of digital technologies in health-related areas (fitness, smoking (reduce or quit), diet, other (open), none); Initiative to use digital technology in the health sector (self-selected, application was pre-installed, recommendation by private individuals, recommendation by healthcare professionals, prescription by healthcare professionals, other - open), reasons for not using digital technologies in health-related areas in the last seven days (use less frequently than weekly, no interest/need, not familiar with such technologies, not familiar with them, financial costs, data protection concerns, do not have the technical requirements, other - open).

Political polarization and social cohesion (eh): personal significance of polarization and social cohesion.

Wave ka:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Subjective Well-Being (zb): Life satisfaction (satisfaction with previous life, with present life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure time, friends, neighborhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless).

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Social and Political Participation (zc): Interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, bought or boycotted a certain product, participated in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet); intention to vote in the next federal election and voting decision (Sunday question); frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs and organizations in the last 12 months (sports and leisure club, church or religious organization, association for art, music, cultural activities, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organization, charity organization, parents´ or school association, other); political effectiveness (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions on political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians do not care what people think); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; left-right self-assessment.

Prediction-based adaptive designs for panel surveys (ea): Interest in questions on the following topics: Satisfaction and well-being, political attitudes and participation, nature and environment, personality and values, social networks and media, work and occupation, flight and immigration, economy and society, leisure and recreation, current crises.

Attitudes towards partnerships with newly arrived refugees (dy):
Vignette experiment on marriage of a relative to a refugee with different attributes regarding sex of the relative, sex and country of origin (Ukraine, Syria, Afghanistan) of the refugee, religion (Muslim, Christian) and religiosity (religion plays important/ no major role in life) and educational attainment (no educational attainment, university degree) of the refugee;
number of people in the municipality of residence (city size).

Oral health-related quality of life (dz): Frequency of problems in the mouth area (teeth, jaw, dentures) in the last 7 days: when chewing, food does not taste good, pain in the mouth area, feeling uncomfortable because of the appearance of the teeth or dentures, difficulties in everyday life.

GESIS Panel Special Survey Coronavirus Outbreak in Germany (cy): Probability of first-time or renewed infection with the coronavirus in the next 2 months; probability of hospital treatment in the event of infection with the coronavirus in the next 2 months; how often proven to be infected with the coronavirus; Measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, corona tests, other (open), none of these measures); institutional confidence in dealing with the coronavirus (Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Federal Government, Federal Chancellor, Ministry of Health); vaccination status: Number of COVID-19 vaccine doses already received; willingness to be (further) vaccinated; concerns about COVID-19 vaccinations (do not know enough about COVID-19 vaccines, occurrence of short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccines due to allergies or pre-existing conditions, did not receive the best vaccine, current vaccines do not offer protection against future virus mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines have not been sufficiently tested, generally against vaccinations, other concerns (open), no concerns); frequency of wearing a face mask in public if mandatory/ non-mandatory.

Wave jd:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences (zi): Attitudes towards surveys in general (important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, enjoy postal and internet questionnaires, invasion of privacy, fun to be interviewed for surveys, interesting in itself, asked to participate too often, tiring to answer many questions); naming the three most important reasons for participating in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor (open); opinion on participation in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor in 2022 (regular discussions with third parties about survey topics, feeling of obligation to participate, participation became a habit, appropriate, identification with the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor); overall assessment of the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor surveys in 2022 and school grade; recommendation probability to friends to participate in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels; frequency of use of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; panel participation preferences: Probability of participation by paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred mode of participation.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography update (zh): Sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; permanent partner; shared household with partner; highest general school-leaving qualification; type of vocational training qualifications; university degree; household size; children under 16 in household; number of children under 16 in household; own or adopted children; number of own or adopted children; month of birth of oldest child; partner´s children, stepchildren or foster children in household and number of these children; personal net income; net household income.

Potential for informal caregiving in the German population (dg): Caring for persons in need of care; willingness to care for others in the future; future willingness to care for various persons from the personal environment (father, father-in-law, mother, mother-in-law, partner, grandmother, grandfather, siblings, friends, neighbors, others); maximum number of hours for future willingness to care; type of care activities for future willingness to care (basic care, shopping assistance, taking medication, preparing meals, arranging finances, housekeeping, driving, supervision).

Willingness to pay for health insurance (maximum monthly amount) (dn).

Does your work make a meaningful contribution to the world? - The phenomenon of ´bullshit jobs´ (dn): Working in the last three months; experience of everyday working life: cannot justify the existence of my professional activity; percentage of work episodes in everyday working life that are personally considered pointless, unnecessary or harmful; role of own work (meaningful career path, good understanding of what makes own work meaningful, purpose of work satisfies, work helps to make sense of own world, work serves a higher purpose, work is useful for society); opinion on the organization of society (most people spend too much time on useless pleasures, fewer problems with less free time, easy money is spent thoughtlessly, most people without success are lazy, those who work hard have a good chance of success, those who fail at work have not made an effort, life would have little meaning without suffering, those who tackle unpleasant things enthusiastically get ahead, those who work hard lead a good life, I feel uncomfortable when there is little work for me, dislike of hard work is weak in character).

Attitudes towards the appropriateness of meat consumption with regard to climate change in the German population (dw): Number of days per week with meat consumption; appropriate meat consumption per week considering climate protection aspects; difficult or easy to reduce own meat consumption.

Ambivalent sexism and attitudes towards breastfeeding in public (dx): Accepted places for breastfeeding (alone at home, at home; when partner is present, at home with family members present, at friends´ homes, in breastfeeding rooms, on playgrounds and in public parks, on long-distance transport (e.g. train, plane), on local transport, in cafés and restaurants, when shopping in the supermarket); attitude towards breastfeeding in public (natural, repulsive, caring, unhygienic, loving, offensive); own child was breastfed; ambivalent sexism (every man should have a woman he truly loves, men without women are imperfect, women should be cared for and protected by men, many women have a kind of honesty that few men possess, women have better moral sense, a man should be willing to sacrifice his own well-being in order to provide for his wife, when women lose out to men in a fair competition, they like to claim that they have been discriminated against, women want to keep men on a short leash, women exaggerate problems in the workplace, women try to gain power by dominating men more and more, feminists make completely unjustified demands on men, women enjoy playing with men).

GESIS panel special survey on the outbreak of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Germany (cy): Probability of infection with the coronavirus in the next two months; probability of hospital treatment in the event of infection with the coronavirus; frequency of past infections; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain (crowded) places, kept distance from other people (at least 1.5 meters), washed hands often, used disinfectant, increased water and/or food supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, corona tests, other (open), none); effectiveness of various government measures to combat the corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing public facilities and businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); trust in people and institutions with regard to dealing with the coronavirus (Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Federal Government, Federal Chancellor, Ministry of Health); number of COVID-19 vaccine doses received; willingness to be (further) vaccinated against COVID-19; vaccination concerns (do not know enough about COVID-19 vaccines, worried about short-term vaccine reactions, worried about negative long-term effects, may not tolerate vaccine, worried about not getting the best vaccine, current vaccines do not offer protection against future virus mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines are not sufficiently tested, generally against vaccination, other (open), no concerns); frequency of wearing a face mask in public, if mandatory/ non-mandatory).

Wave jc:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Media Usage (zf): Frequency of use of selected media (watch TV, movies and videos, listen to music, listen to radio, read daily newspaper/newspaper, read magazines/magazines, read books); Internet use: frequency of use of Internet, World Wide Web or e-mails for private purposes; devices for Internet access (stationary computer/PC, laptop, tablet, smartphone, TV, game console, e-book reader, smartwatch, fitness bracelet, smart speaker, other); activity of Internet use (e.g. listening to music or watching movies, etc.); self-assessment of ability to use the Internet; social media use (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, etc., other - open -, no use) in the last three months; affinity for technology (exciting to try new technologies and devices, important to have own technical devices up to date, internet simplifies communication between people); self-assessment of ability in using smartphones.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): Employment situation.

GESIS Panel Core Study Module Work and Leisure (zg): Job description: selected aspects of current job (working fast, large workload, frequent technical disruptions in work process, organizational problems, understanding other people´s feelings, strong concentration, working hard physically, learning and developing, fear of losing job, autonomy in decision-making, helping colleagues and superiors, making a positive difference for others, important role in life, often exhausted by work); managerial function; fixed-term employment contract or permanent employment relationship; agreed weekly working hours or no agreed working hours; actual hours worked per week including overtime; occupational activity (open, job title); description of the main tasks of the occupational activity; same occupation as one year ago; industry (NACE); occupation if not gainfully employed (open).

Attitude toward refugees scale (zj): Sympathy with refugees; sympathy for refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in living environment.

European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (du): Attachment to the European Union (EU); attitude toward the EU admission procedure of Ukraine (admit in fast-track, admit regularly, do not admit); agreement with various statements (Russia threat to peace in Europe, Germany should admit Ukrainian refugees, Germany should help host countries of Ukrainian refugees); fears related to the war in Ukraine (Russia attacks other countries, war in Germany).

Information and trust (ct): Trust (in people in general, rely on no one nowadays, better be careful with strangers); access to different means of communication (landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony/video telephony, SMS/internet-based text messaging); means of communication actually used; time each for work-related contacts and for private contacts via landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony and text messaging (hours, minutes - open); number of people with whom work-related communication takes place per week; number of people with whom private communication takes place per week.

Experiment gender query (four experimental conditions with conventional query/extended query (dq): (1) gender (4 categories, 2 categories); difficulty answering the question about gender; (2) gender (4 categories, 2 categories); identification as female or as a man; difficulty answering the question about gender; (3) gender birth certificate (4 categories, 2 categories); gender affiliated (3 categories, 2 categories, open); difficulty answering the questions about gender; (4) sex birth certificate (4 categories, 2 categories); gender affiliated (5 categories, 2 categories, open); difficulty answering the questions about gender;

Attitudes towards traditions (traditions should be maintained, good practices should not be questioned, doing things in the usual way); gender roles (woman should reduce her employment for the family, if jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women, parents should stay together as long as children live at home).

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (GESIS Panel Special Survey) (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; actions taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, coronatests, other-open-, none); assessing the effectiveness of various government actions to address the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, shooting facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (primary care physician, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), federal government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the past seven days (nervous, depressed/depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the corona pandemic); intention to vaccinate against COVID-19; vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection against future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other-open, no concerns); evaluation of corona rules: Voluntarily unvaccinated should pay for coronatest themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination should be mandatory, ability to work from home; proportion of time working from home.

Partnership and housing situation (dr): Characterisation of the partnership in the last two months; duration of the partnership; assessment of the housing situation.

Wave jb:
Environmental attitudes and behaviors (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zd): Attitudes towards the relationship between people and the environment (NEP scale: Approaching maximum number of people that can be fed by earth, right of people to adapt environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention in nature, human ingenuity will prevent uninhabitability of earth, abuse of environment by people, enough natural resources, equal right of plants and animals to live as humans, balance of nature stable enough, humans subject to laws of nature, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited space and resources, humans destined to rule over nature, delicate balance of nature, humans will be able to control nature, heading for environmental disaster); willingness to pay for environmental protection (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifice of standard of living).
Energy turnaround: Attitude towards the energy transition (renewable energies not sufficient to supply industrialized countries, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants essential for power supply, future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, danger from nuclear power plants, energy transition destroys Germany as an industrial location, no alternative to conversion); opinion on the nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (moving forward vs. adapting to other countries); seriousness of the problem of climate change.
Mobility and transport: frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train on longer journeys).
Awareness of sustainable consumption: purchase of organic and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity.

Personality and personal values (GESIS Panel Core Study Module) (ze): Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trusting, comfortable, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, inclined to criticize, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Conservation, emphasizing one´s own accomplishments, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving directions for action, obeying laws, caring for others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s accomplishments, justice, figuring things out).

Attitude toward refugees (zj): Compassion for refugees; sympathy for refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in living environment.

European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (du): Attachment to the European Union (EU); attitude toward the EU admission procedure of Ukraine (admit in fast-track, admit regularly, do not admit); agreement with various statements (Russia threat to peace in Europe, Germany should admit Ukrainian refugees, Germany should help host countries of Ukrainian refugees); fears related to the war in Ukraine (Russia attacks other countries, war in Germany).

European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (do): Agreement with various statements about democracy and democratic decision-making procedures (experts should make political decisions, all citizens should have equal influence on decisions, conflicts cannot be solved by discussion, in a democracy there should be no elites, deputies should decide according to their conscience, common good more important than own interest, agreement among the population means right decision, most important goal of democratic politics must be social and economic equality, make decisions alone behind closed doors, make decisions in discussion, disputes between different interest groups harm the common good, decision is struggle of different interests, government should implement measures even if they are rejected, reasons behind opinion are important, majority decision must be valid, deputies should represent social classes); experience with politics (conversations help me develop my opinion on political issues, important arguments are taken seriously, important arguments are considered, changing laws when they are rejected is important, in Germany the Bundestag changes laws when they are no longer supported by a majority of the population.

Vignette experiment: assess political systems with different forms of (a) participation, (b) decision-making, (c) types of representation, and (d) jurisdiction in terms of democratic quality and performance.

Crime reporting. Journalistic content, use and impact (cz): Precautions to protect against crime (leaving home after dark only if absolutely necessary, avoiding certain places, avoiding strangers after dark, avoiding public transportation in the evening, carrying mace, gun, or knife); fear of victimization: Frequency of fear of burglary, being beaten or injured, being injured or killed by a terrorist attack; likelihood of these events in the next 12 months; assessment of crime trends in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; assessment of trends in violent crime in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; appropriateness of sentences imposed; source of information about crime (printed newspapers, printed magazines, radio, television, Internet, social networks, friends or family, colleagues); Frequency of use of selected media content (news from public broadcasters, news from private broadcasters, BILD newspaper or other tabloids, regional daily newspaper, national daily newspaper, weekly newspaper, news magazines, illustrated magazines); frequency of use of various Internet offerings (websites or apps); awareness of the TV show ´Aktenzeichen XY´; attention to news about crime; attention to news about crime reaction to reports about crime (fear, anger).

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (GESIS Panel Special Survey) (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; actions taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, coronatests, other-open, none); assessing the effectiveness of various government actions to address the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, shooting facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (primary care physician, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), federal government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the past seven days (nervous, depressed/depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the corona pandemic); intention to vaccinate against COVID-19; vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection against future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other-open, no concerns); evaluation of corona rules: Voluntarily unvaccinated should pay for coronatest themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination should be mandatory, ability to work from home; proportion of time working from home.

LoneCovid - Social contact during COVID-19 (dv): Frequency of out-of-home contact with friends, relatives, or acquaintances in the past two weeks; number of individuals with face-to-face contact in the past two weeks, number of individuals with telephone/video contact in the past two weeks.

Additionally coded was: Vignette selection study do: Page number displayed.

Wave ja:
Subjective well-being (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zb): Life satisfaction (satisfaction with past life, with present life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure, friends, neighborhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed or depressed, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless).

Social and Political Participation (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zc): Interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, participated in a citizens´ initiative, bought or boycotted a certain product, participated in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet); intention to vote in the next federal election and voting (Sunday question); Frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs, and organizations in the past 12 months (sports and recreational club, church or religious organization, association for art, music, cultural, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organization, charity, parent or school association, other); political effectiveness (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions about political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians don´t care what people think); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; left-right self-rating.

Ethnic and German identity of natives and immigrants (bb): Agreement with statements about German culture (spent time finding out more about German culture, feel a strong sense of belonging to German culture, clear about what belonging to German culture means to me, actively did something to better understand German culture, often talked to others to learn more about it, feel a strong sense of belonging to German culture, negative feelings about German culture, desire to belong to other culture, dislike, pride); other culture of origin (open); personal relationship to this culture of origin (spent time finding out more about it, feel a strong sense of belonging, etc. ); frequency of feeling disadvantaged because of culture of origin; importance of identifying with a culture.

Stability and change in Dispositional Envy (df): Envy of others in terms of partner, intelligence, possessions, attractiveness, linguistic expressiveness, purchasing power, popularity, creativity, technical equipment, getting along with others, grasping facts, fuller closet, arriving with others, greater general knowledge, and better neighborhood; high self-esteem; comparison with others of own sex and age in terms of attractiveness, intellectual ability, and financial wealth; comparison with all persons in Germany in terms of the aforementioned characteristics; personal importance of attractiveness, intellectual ability, and financial wealth.

Attitudes towards gender-neutral language (dt): Opinion on the use of gender-neutral language.

Understanding climate goals: The 2(1.5)C target (dp): Knowledge of 2-degree (or 1.5-degree) target; reference date from which Earth´s average temperature must not change by more than 2°C (or 1.5°C); time period and direction of 2-degree (or 1.5-degree) target.

Understanding information privacy behavior on social network sites (SNS) (cw): Use of an online social network; most frequently used online social network; privacy options of most frequently used online social network (limit visibility of updates, remove tags, make profile undetectable, limit profile to people, limit content to people, block people, limit location forwarding, delete personal data); frequency of use of privacy options; rating of privacy options (bad/good, useless/useful, unpleasant/pleasant, uninteresting/interesting; expectation of loved ones to use social network privacy options more; expectation of loved ones to use privacy options; likelihood of privacy options being used by others; agreement with statements about privacy options (people similar to me use them, I am able to use them, it is up to me to use them, under my control); intention to use privacy options; will use privacy options; willingness to use privacy options, plan to use privacy options.

GESIS Panel Special Survey Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, corona tests, other - open, none); assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the last seven days (nervous, down/ depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the Corona pandemic); COVID-19 Vaccination intention; Vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection from future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other vaccination concerns - open, no concerns); evaluation of various corona rules (voluntary unvaccinated should pay for tests themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination against COVID-19 should be mandatory); ability to work from home; percentage of time working from home.

Wave id:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences (zi): Attitude towards surveys in general (important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, fun of postal and internet questionnaires, invasion of privacy, fun to be interviewed for surveys, interesting in itself, asked to participate too often, exhausting to answer many questions); mention of the three most important reasons for participating in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor (open); opinion about participation in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor in 2021 (regular conversations with third parties about survey topics, sense of obligation to participate, participation became a habit, suitable, identification with GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor); overall rating of GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor surveys in 2021 and school grade; likelihood of recommendation to friends to participate in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels; Internet access and use: Frequency of use of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor participation preferences: probability of participation in each case via paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred mode of participation.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): Sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; permanent partner(s); joint household with partner(s); highest general education degree; type of vocational training degree; type of higher education institution at which degree was obtained; household size; net personal income; net household income.

Demography: religion (study zt): Current or past affiliation with a church or religious community; frequency of attendance at church, mosque, synagogue, or place of worship in the past 12 months; frequency of praying in the past month; religiosity.

Dynamics of well-being at retirement (di): receipt of a retirement pension or annuity; start date (month and year).

Health comparison and life satisfaction/ happiness (dm): Assessment of health status compared to peers.

Information and trust (ct): Trust (in people in general, rely on no one nowadays, better be careful with strangers); access to different means of communication (landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony/video telephony, SMS/internet-based text messaging); means of communication actually used; time each for work-related contacts and for private contacts via landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony and text messaging (hours, minutes - open); number of people with whom work-related communication takes place per week; number of people with whom private communication takes place per week.

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social environement); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; actions taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, coronatests, other - open, none); assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), federal government, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the past seven days (nervous, depressed or down, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the corona pandemic); COVID-19 vaccination intent; vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection from future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other vaccination concerns-open, no concerns); evaluation of different corona rules (voluntary unvaccinated should pay for tests themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination against COVID-19 should be mandatory); ability to work from home; proportion of time working from home.

Social contact during COVID-19 (ie): Frequency of out-of-home contacts with friends, relatives, or acquaintances in the past two weeks; frequency of face-to-face contacts and of telephone and video contacts in the past two weeks.

Mechanisms of panel conditioning in longitudinal surveys: Reflection, satisficing, and social desirability (cm): Knowledge of scientific topics (all radioactivity caused by humans, mother´s gene determines sex of child, lasers focus sound waves, electrons smaller than atoms, antibiotics kill viruses and bacteria, universe was created with an explosion); agreement with statements on gender policy issues (full-time employment best way for women to become independent, family life suffers when woman works full-time); unequivocal opinion on women´s full-time employment; self-assessment of knowledge on women´s full-time employment; feeling of disadvantage in everyday life compared to the opposite sex; accepted reasons for legal abortion (woman does not want any more children, family cannot afford any more children, serious birth defect of the baby likely, woman´s health seriously endangered by pregnancy); clear opinion on legal abortion; self-assessment of knowledge on the topic of legal abortion; consumption patterns and leisure activities: Frequency of meat consumption, alcohol consumption, and exercising in the last four weeks; certainty about the correctness of the answer about the frequency of exercising; personal relevance of exercising; social behavioral rules: Own behavior related to the last four weeks: Frequency of lying, frequency of taking out bad mood on others; ever theft worth less than 50 euros; purchase of fruit in the last 14 days; cost of last purchase of fruit; fruit was purchased for respondent´s own use, for household use, or for others; satisfaction with quality of fruit; time of purchase; satisfaction with purchase price of fruit.

Wave ic:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Media Usage (zf): Frequency of use of selected media (watch TV, movies and videos, listen to music, listen to radio, read daily newspaper/newspaper, read magazines/magazines, read books); Internet use: frequency of use of Internet, World Wide Web or e-mails for private purposes; devices for Internet access (stationary computer/PC, laptop, tablet, smartphone, TV, game console, e-book reader, smartwatch, fitness bracelet, smart speaker, other); activity of Internet use (e.g. listening to music or watching movies, etc.); self-assessment of ability to use the Internet; social media use (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, etc., other - open -, no use) in the last three months; affinity for technology (exciting to try new technologies and devices, important to have own technical devices up to date, internet simplifies communication between people); self-assessment of ability in using smartphones.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): Employment situation.

GESIS Panel Core Study Module Work and Leisure (zg): Job description: selected aspects of current job (working fast, large workload, frequent technical disruptions in work process, organizational problems, understanding other people´s feelings, strong concentration, working hard physically, learning and developing, fear of losing job, autonomy in decision-making, helping colleagues and superiors, making a positive difference for others, important role in life, often exhausted by work); managerial function; fixed-term employment contract or permanent employment relationship; agreed weekly working hours or no agreed working hours; actual hours worked per week including overtime; occupational activity (open, job title); description of the main tasks of the occupational activity; same occupation as one year ago; industry (NACE); occupation if not gainfully employed (open).

Attitude toward refugees scale (zj): Sympathy with refugees; sympathy for refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in living environment.

German Federal Election 2021 (dj): Voting decision in the federal election on Sept. 26 (first vote, second vote -party preference); sympathy for leading politicians (Armin Laschet, Olaf Scholz, Alexander Gauland, Christian Lindner, Dietmar Bartsch, Annalena Baerbock, Markus Söder); most important political problem in Germany; most suitable party to solve this most important political problem.

Evaluations of electoral integrity in Germany (dl): expected fair and correct conduct of the German Federal Election; impairment of the German Federal Election most likely by: Competent authorities, federal government, individual political parties, election officials, mass media, social media, foreign powers, others (overt); political parties that could pose a threat to the correct and fair conduct of the German Federal Election; absentee voting leads to election fraud and manipulation; justified noncompliance with laws of a newly elected government due to doubts about the correct and fair conduct of the election.

Relevance of antifeminism, sexism and profeminism for voting decisions (dk): Agreement with statements about the relationship between women and men (discrimination against women is still a problem in Germany, women should be wives and mothers, women should support men´s careers, feminism disrupts social harmony and order, women often exaggerate their accounts of sexual violence to take advantage of the situation).

Understanding information privacy behavior on Social Network Sites (SNS) (cw): Use of an online social network; privacy options of the most frequently used social network (limit visibility of updates, remove tags, make own profile undiscoverable, limit own profile to certain people, limit access to own content to certain people, block people, limit forwarding of location information, delete personal data); frequency of use of these privacy options; rating of these privacy options (bad/good, useless/useful, unpleasant/pleasant, uninteresting/interesting); presumed expectation of close people regarding privacy options (use options more, think I use privacy options); most close people use privacy options themselves, most people similar to me use privacy options; am able to use privacy options; is up to me to use privacy options; use of privacy options is under my control; intention to use privacy options; likelihood of using privacy options; willingness to use privacy options; plan to use one or more of the privacy options.

False consensus beliefs (da): Agree with statements about politics (political compromise is betrayal of principles, people should make most important political decisions, members of the German Bundestag must follow the will of the people, political differences between elites and the people are greater than differences within the people, a citizen would represent my interests better than a professional politician, politicians talk too much and do too little.

Coronavirus Outbreak in Germany (cy): Probability of infection with coronavirus in the next 2 months (self and social environment); probability of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; probability of quarantine measures because of coronavirus regardless of infection; probability of infecting others with coronavirus; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, adjusted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms or without symptoms, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore mouth guards, other (open), none); assessment of the effectiveness of various policy measures against the spread of coronavirus (closing daycares, kindergartens, and schools; closing sports facilities; closing restaurants; closing all stores except supermarkets and pharmacies; restrictions on arts and culture; general curfew; restricting personal contacts; wearing face masks; banning visits to hospitals, nursing homes, and homes for the elderly, smartphone app); assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), federal government, chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the coronavirus of dependent employees (hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, short-time work, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover reduced/increased, business temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardships, business permanently closed or insolvent, no change); state of mind during last seven days (nervous, depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about own experience in Corona pandemic); Corona warning app installed; COVID-19 vaccination intent; vaccination concerns (don´t know enough about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term side effects, long-term effects, worried about not getting the best vaccine, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, am generally opposed to vaccination, other (open), no concerns).

Social contact during COVID-19 (dh): Frequency of out-of-home contacts in the past two weeks; frequency of face-to-face contacts, phone contacts, and video contacts in the past two weeks.

Mechanisms of panel conditioning in longitudinal surveys: Reflection, satisficing, and social desirability (cm): Knowledge of scientific issues (all radioactivity caused by humans, mother´s gene determines sex of child, lasers focus sound waves, electrons smaller than atoms, antibiotics kill viruses and bacteria, universe was created with an explosion); agreement with statements on gender policy issues (full-time employment best way for women to become independent, family life suffers when woman works full-time); feeling of disadvantage in everyday life compared to the opposite sex; accepted reasons for legal abortion (woman does not want any more children, family cannot afford more children, serious birth defect of baby likely, woman´s health seriously endangered by pregnancy); consumption patterns and leisure activities: Frequency of meat consumption, alcohol consumption, and exercise in the last four weeks; social behavioral patterns: Own behavior related to the last four weeks: Frequency of lying, frequency of taking bad mood out on others; ever theft worth less than 50 euros; purchase of fruit in the last 14 days; cost of last purchase of fruit; fruit purchased for respondent´s own use, for household use, or for others; satisfaction with quality of fruit; time of purchase; satisfaction with purchase price of fruit; knowledge of political issues (president of the German Bundestag, term of office of a Bundestag member, vote of no confidence, Bundestag elected for the 22nd time, basic principles of the work of the German government, introduction of draft legislation); agreement with various statements about politics in Germany (political parties encourage people to be politically active, political parties do not offer political alternatives, referendums good for deciding important political issues, international corporations harm local companies, free world trade leads to better products); Germany, as a member of international organizations, should follow their decisions; international organizations take too much power away from the German government; frequency of various household chores in the last four weeks (washing clothes, cleaning bathroom, vacuuming, cleaning kitchen, dusting); paid household help.

Wave ib:
Environmental attitudes and behavior (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zd): Attitudes towards the relationship between people and the environment (NEP scale: Approaching maximum number of people that can be fed by the earth, right of people to adapt the environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention in nature, human ingenuity will prevent uninhabitability of the earth, abuse of the environment by people, sufficient natural resources, equal right of plants and animals to live as humans, balance of nature stable enough, humans subject to the laws of nature, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited space and resources, humans destined to rule over nature, delicate balance of nature, humans will be able to control nature, heading for environmental catastrophe); willingness to pay for environmental protection (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifice of standard of living).
Energy transition: Attitude towards the energy turnaround (renewable energies not sufficient to supply industrialized countries, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants essential for electricity supply, future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, danger from nuclear power plants, energy turnaround destroys Germany as an industrial location, no alternative to conversion); opinion on nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (moving forward vs. adapting to other countries); seriousness of the problem of climate change.
Mobility and transport: frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train for longer distances).
Awareness of sustainable consumption: purchase of organic and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity.

Personality and personal values (GESIS Panel Core Study Module) (ze): Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trusting, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, inclined to criticize, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Protection of nature, emphasizing one´s own achievements, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving instructions for action, obeying laws, taking care of others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s own achievements, justice, finding things out).

Crime reporting. Journalistic content, use and impact (cz): Precautions to protect against crime (leaving home after dark only if absolutely necessary, avoiding certain places, avoiding strangers after dark, avoiding public transport in the evening, carrying irritant gas, gun or knife); fear of victimization: Frequency of fear of burglary, being beaten or injured, being injured or killed by a terrorist attack; likelihood of these events in the next 12 months; assessment of crime trends in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; assessment of trends in violent crime in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; appropriateness of sentences imposed; source of information about crimes (printed newspapers, printed magazines, radio, television, internet, social networks, friends or family, colleagues); frequency of use of selected media content (news from public broadcasters, news from private broadcasters, BILD newspaper, tabloids, regional daily newspaper, national daily newspaper, weekly newspaper, news magazines, illustrated magazines); frequency of use of various internet offerings (internet sites or apps); awareness of the television programme ´Aktenzeichen XY´; attention paid to news about crime; reaction to reports about crime (fear, anger).

False consensus beliefs (da): Opinion on various political contentious issues (abolition of the basic right to asylum, higher taxation of high incomes, increase social benefits (Hartz IV), mandatory women´s quota, repeal of all Corona measures, import restrictions, more decision-making powers for nation states); estimated approval of the above measures by people in Germany (percentage).

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of being infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of quarantine measures due to coronavirus in the next two months; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, adjusted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms or no symptoms, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, other - open, none); assess the effectiveness of various policy measures against the spread of coronavirus (closing daycare centers, kindergartens and schools, closing sports facilities, closing restaurants, closing all shops except supermarkets and pharmacies, restrictions on arts and culture, general curfew, restricting personal contacts, wearing face masks, banning visits to hospitals, smartphone app); assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or shops, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the Corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO) and scientists); employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the coronavirus of dependent employees (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, short-time work, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover reduced/increased, company temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardship, company permanently closed or insolvent, no change); emotional state in the last seven days (nervous, depressed or down, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the Corona pandemic); Corona warning app installed; intention to vaccinate against COVID-19; vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term side effects, negative long-term effects, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, generally opposed to vaccination, others - open, no concerns).

Social contact during COVID-19 (ie): Frequency of out-of-home contacts with friends, relatives, or acquaintances in the last two weeks; frequency of face-to-face contacts and of telephone and video contacts in the last two weeks.

Mechanisms of Panel Conditioning in Longitudinal Studies: Reflection, Satisficing, and Social Desirability (cm): Knowledge of scientific issues (all radioactivity caused by humans, mother´s gene determines sex of child, lasers focus sound waves, electrons smaller than atoms, antibiotics kill viruses and bacteria, universe was created with an explosion); agreement with statements on gender policy issues (full-time employment best way for women to become independent, family life suffers when woman works full-time); feeling of disadvantage in everyday life compared to the opposite sex; accepted reasons for legal abortion (woman does not want any more children, family cannot afford any more children, serious birth defect of the baby likely, woman´s health seriously endangered by pregnancy); consumption patterns and leisure activities: Frequency of meat consumption, alcohol consumption and exercise in the last four weeks; social behavioral patterns: Own behavior related to the last four weeks: Frequency of lying, frequency of taking out bad mood on others; ever theft worth less than 50 euros; purchase of fruit in the last 14 days; cost of last purchase of fruit; fruit was purchased for the respondent, for the household or for others; satisfaction with the quality of the fruit; time of purchase; satisfaction with the purchase price of the fruit; knowledge of food supplements (vitamin supplements prevent disease, vitamin D reduces risk of bone fractures, magnesium supplements prevent muscle cramps, potassium supplements reduce bone fractures, multivitamin supplements protect against heart disease, antioxidants prevent development of cancer); opinion of health care in Germany: access to state-funded health care for people legally resident in Germany, even if they do not have German citizenship; access to state-funded health care even for unhealthy behavior (e.g. smoking, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise); willingness to pay higher taxes to improve the level of health care for all people in Germany; opinion on state funding of different health services (cancer screening, HIV/AIDS treatment, obesity prevention programmes, organ transplants); emotional state in the last four weeks (full of energy, particularly tense, depressed, calm and peaceful, particularly energetic); demand for fundamental change in the health system in Germany.

Wave ia:
Subjective well-being (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zb): Life satisfaction (satisfaction with life so far, with present life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure time, friends, neighbourhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed or depressed, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless).

Social and political participation (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zc): ; interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, worked in a citizens´ initiative, bought or boycotted a certain product, worked in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet); intention to vote in the next federal election and voting decision (Sunday question); frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs, and organizations in the past 12 months (sports and recreational club, church or religious organization, association for art, music, cultural, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organization, charity, parent or school association, other); political efficacy (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions about political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians don´t care what people think); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; Left-right self-placement.

Understanding information privacy behavior on social network sites (SNS) (cw): Use of an online social network; most frequently used online social network; privacy options of the most frequently used online social network (limit visibility of updates, remove tags, make profile undetectable, limit profile to people, limit content to people, block people, limit location forwarding, delete personal data); frequency of use of privacy options; rating of privacy options (bad/good, useless/useful, unpleasant/pleasant, uninteresting/interesting; expectation of close ones to use social network privacy options more; expectation of close ones to use privacy options; likelihood of using privacy options by others; agreement with statements about privacy options (people similar to me use them, am able to use them, up to me to use them, under my control); intention to use privacy options; will use privacy options; willingness to use privacy options, plan to use privacy options.

Information and Trust (ct): Trust (in people in general, rely on no one nowadays, better be careful with strangers); access to different means of communication (landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony/video telephony, SMS/internet-based text messaging); means of communication actually used; time each for work-related contacts and for private contacts via landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony and text messaging (hours, minutes - open); number of people with whom work-related communication takes place per week; number of people with whom private communication takes place per week.

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Probability of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next 2 months (self and social environment); probability of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; probability of quarantine measures because of coronavirus; probability of infecting others with coronavirus; measures taken in the past seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, adjusted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms or without symptoms, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, other (open), none); assessed effectiveness of various policies against the spread of coronavirus (closing daycares, kindergartens, and schools; closing sports facilities; closing restaurants; closing all stores except supermarkets and pharmacies; banning visits to hospitals; curfew for those over 70 and sick; curfew for all; wearing face masks; smartphone app); Compliance with or denial of curfew; assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); Institutional confidence in dealing with coronavirus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational status since spread of coronavirus of dependent employees (hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, short-time work, laid off, no change) and self-employed (hours reduced/increased, more home office, sales decreased/increased, business temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardships, business permanently closed or insolvent, no change); government measures advocated in light of current pandemic situation (public funding of short-time work, public funding also of mini-jobs, increase in short-time pay, government financial aid without repayment, government funding of new hires, lump-sum payments for all citizens); state of mind during the past seven days (nervous, depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about own experiences in the Corona pandemic); being in risk group for severe COVID-19 illness; Corona warning app installed; COVID-19 vaccination intent; concerns about COVD-19 vaccination (lack of knowledge about vaccines, short-term side effects, long-term effects, not getting the best vaccine, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, generally opposed to vaccination, other (open), no concerns).

Mechanisms of panel conditioning in longitudinal studies: Reflection, satisficing, and social desirability (cm): Knowledge of scientific issues (all radioactivity caused by humans, mother´s gene determines sex of child, lasers focus sound waves, electrons smaller than atoms, antibiotics kill viruses and bacteria, universe was created with an explosion); agreement with statements on gender policy issues (full-time employment best way for women to become independent, family life suffers when woman works full-time); feeling of disadvantage in everyday life compared to the opposite sex; accepted reasons for legal abortion (woman does not want any more children, family cannot afford more children, serious birth defect of baby likely, woman´s health seriously endangered by pregnancy); consumption patterns and leisure activities: Frequency of meat consumption, alcohol consumption, and exercise in the last four weeks; social behavioral patterns: Own behavior related to the last four weeks: Frequency of lying, frequency of taking bad mood out on others; ever theft worth less than 50 euros; purchase of fruit in the last 14 days; cost of last purchase of fruit; fruit was purchased for respondent´s own use, for household use, or for others; satisfaction with quality of fruit; timing of purchase; satisfaction with the purchase price of the fruit; knowledge of other scientific topics (main function of red blood cells is oxygen transport, boiling water is an example of chemical reaction, fracking is a process for extracting coal, CO2 causes temperature rise in the atmosphere, sunscreens protect skin from infrared radiation, continents shift their position); income disparities in Germany are too great; responsibility of government to reduce income disparities; social benefits make people lazy; conditions for a just society (income and wealth equally distributed, hard workers earn more, caring for employed; privileges with high social status); frequency of contact in the last four weeks with parents, siblings, children, other family members and friends; anger of a person because of too little contact.

Additionally coded were: Recruitment cohort; design weights; inclusion probability.

Wave hf:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Panel survey participation evaluation & mode preferences (zi): attitude towards surveys in general (important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, fun with postal and internet questionnaires, invasion of privacy, fun to be interviewed for surveys, interesting in itself, asked to participate too often, exhausting, many questions to answer); naming the three most important reasons for participating in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor (open); opinion on participation in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor in 2020 (regular conversations with third parties about survey topics, feeling obliged to participate, participation became a habit, suitable, identification with GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor); overall evaluation of GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor surveys in 2020 and school grade; likelihood of recommendation to friends to participate in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels;
Internet access and use: frequency of use of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor participation preferences: probability of participation via paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred mode of participation.

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): sex; age (year of birth); German nationality; foreign nationality; marital status; permanent partner(s); joint household with partner(s); highest general school-leaving qualification; type of vocational training qualifications; type of higher education institution at which the higher education qualification was obtained; household size; children under 16 in the household; number of children under 16 in the household; own (biological) or adopted children; number of own or adopted children; children of the partner, stepchildren or foster children in the household and number of these children; personal net income; net household income.

Experiment on the comparability of survey instruments with different question formulations (db): Interest in politics, self-assessment of health status and compliance with laws (do not obey law, good citizens obey laws, rules do not apply to me, respect German institutions, abide by laws, always obey laws, strictly obey all laws, follow conscience in exceptional situations even if laws are violated, obey laws, people should obey rules, always strictly obey laws).

GESIS Panel Special Survey Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): probability of infection with the coronavirus in the next 2 months (self and social environment); probability of hospital treatment in the event of infection with the coronavirus; probability of quarantine measures due to the coronavirus regardless of infection; probability of infecting others with the coronavirus; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, adjusted school or work situation, went into quarantine due to symptoms or without symptoms, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, stocked up supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, other (open), none); assessment of the effectiveness of various policies against the spread of coronavirus (closure of daycare centres, kindergartens and schools, closure of sports facilities, closure of restaurants, closure of all shops except supermarkets and pharmacies, ban on visiting hospitals, curfew for over 70s and sick people, curfew for all, wearing face masks, smartphone app); compliance with or refusal to comply with curfew; assessment of effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or shops, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the Corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organisation (WHO) and scientists); employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the coronavirus of dependent employees (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, short-time work, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover reduced/increased, business temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardship, business permanently closed or insolvent, no change); government measures advocated in view of the current pandemic situation (public funding of short-time work, public funding of short-time work also for mini-jobs, increase in short-time work allowance, government financial aid without repayment, government funding of new hires, lump-sum payments for all citizens); state of mind during the last seven days (nervous, depressed, lonely, full of hope, physical reactions when thinking about own experiences in the Corona pandemic); belonging to the risk group for severe COVID-19 disease progression; Corona warning app installed.

GESIS Panel - Fast-Track: Status Threats during the Corona Crisis (zy): Self-assessment of social status on an up-down scale; expected social status in one year; expected personal economic situation in one year.

Mechanisms of panel conditioning in longitudinal studies: Reflection, satisficing and social desirability (cm): Knowledge of scientific issues (all radioactivity caused by humans, mother´s gene determines sex of child, lasers focus sound waves, electrons smaller than atoms, antibiotics kill viruses and bacteria, universe was created with an explosion); agreement with statements on gender-political issues (full-time employment best way for women to become independent, family life suffers if woman works full-time); feeling of disadvantage in everyday life compared to the opposite sex; accepted reasons for legal abortion (woman does not want any more children, family cannot afford any more children, serious birth defect of the baby likely, woman´s health seriously endangered by pregnancy); consumption patterns and leisure activities: Frequency of meat consumption, alcohol consumption and exercise in the last four weeks; social behavioural patterns: Own behaviour related to the last four weeks: Frequency of lying, frequency of taking bad mood out on others; ever theft worth less than 50 euros; purchase of fruit in the last 14 days; cost of last purchase of fruit; fruit was purchased for the respondent, for the household or for others; satisfaction with the quality of the fruit; time of purchase; satisfaction with the purchase price of the fruit;

Knowledge about the European Union (budget of the EU is set jointly by the European Parliament and the member states, European Parliament and member states jointly pass European laws, all member states have the same number of members in the European Parliament; the official Europe Day is on 9 May, a total of two presidents of the EU, EU presidents are elected by the citizens of each member state);

Opinion on various aspects of environmental protection: decline of animal and plant species a serious matter for Germany/ for Europe and worldwide; agreement with various statements on the general importance of environmental protection (difficult to do much for the environment, there are more important things in life than environmental protection, environmental protection alone without others is pointless, many claims about environmental threats are exaggerated);

Frequency of feelings regarding different aspects of life related to the last four weeks (lack of company of others, social isolation, being excluded, unhappy and depressed, loss of confidence in oneself); agreement on euthanasia.

Wave he:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - media usage (zf): frequency of use of selected media (watching TV, movies and videos, listening to music, listening to radio, reading daily newspaper/newspaper, reading magazines/magazines, reading books); Internet use: frequency of use of Internet, World Wide Web or e-mails for private purposes; devices for Internet access (stationary computer/PC, laptop, tablet, smartphone, TV, game console, e-book reader, smartwatch, other); activity of Internet use (e.g. listening to music or watching movies, etc.); self-assessment of ability to use the Internet; use of social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, etc., other, no use) in the last three months; affinity for technology (exciting to try new technologies and devices, important to have own technical devices up to date, internet simplifies communication between people); self-assessment of ability in using smartphones.

GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Work and Leisure (zg): job description: selected aspects of current job (work quickly, large workload, frequent technical disruptions to workflow, organizational problems, understanding other people´s feelings, strong concentration, physically hard work, learning and developing, fear of losing job, decision-making autonomy, helping colleagues and superiors, making a positive difference for others, important role in life, often exhausted by work); leadership function; fixed-term employment contract or permanent employment relationship; agreed weekly working hours or no agreed working hours; actual hours worked per week including overtime; occupational activity (open, job title); description of main tasks of occupational activity; same occupation as one year ago; industry (NACE); occupation if not employed (open).

GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): employment situation.

Development of a scale to measure gender diversity in general population surveys (cs): officially registered sex; officially registered sex applicable; expression feeling female or male, other (open); preference gender query (conventional query/extended query; comments extended gender query.

Personality disorders in the general population (cl): maladaptive personality traits: More emotional than others, tricking people, careless with things, keeping a distance from other people, seeing unusual connections, always approaching things the same way, worrying all the time, exaggerating, acting impulsively, not interested in anything, strange way of thinking, perfectionism, worries about being alone, entitled to special treatment, losing thread of conversation, no romantic feelings, everyday objects seem different than usual, fixed approach, quick to get emotional, taking advantage of others comes easily, forgetting bills, reluctant to spend time with others, strange experiences, perfecting things, worrying about everything, truth-telling, rash decisions, rarely enthusiastic, eccentric habits, can´t be alone, often have to deal with lesser people, easily distracted, ending relationships, seeing familiar object for the first time.

Corona warning app (zy): corona warning app installed on smartphone; corona warning app recording actively interrupted; estimated number of 100 people who installed corona warning app.

Mechanisms of panel conditioning in longitudinal studies: reflection, satisficing, and social desirability (cm); general knowledge of scientific topics (all radioactivity caused by humans, mother´s gene decides sex of child, lasers focus sound waves, electrons smaller than atoms, antibiotics kill viruses and bacteria, universe created with explosion); attitudes toward various gender policy issues: Full-time employment best way for women to become independent; clear opinion on the aforementioned topic; self-assessment of knowledge on the topic; agreement with the statement: family life suffers when woman works full time; gender equality: feeling disadvantaged against the opposite sex; agreement with legal abortion in the following cases: Married woman does not want any more children, family cannot afford child, high probability of serious birth defect of the baby, and serious health risk to the pregnant woman; clear opinion on legal abortion; self-assessment of knowledge on abortion; consumption patterns and leisure behavior in the last four weeks: Frequency of meat consumption, alcohol consumption, and sports; certainty about the correctness of the answer about doing sports; relevance of sports activities; general social behavioral rules: Frequency of lying in the last four weeks; frequency of taking out bad mood on others in the last four weeks; Theft: ever stolen anything; frequency of buying fruit in the last 14 days; cost of last fruit purchase; for whom was the fruit bought; satisfaction with the quality of the fruit; time of fruit purchase; satisfaction with the price of the fruit; knowledge about the European Union: Number of member states; date of foundation of the European Community after World War I; European flag blue with yellow stars; headquarters of the European Parliament is Strasbourg; European Parliament elected by EU citizens; European Union has its own anthem; assessment of own right to have a say regarding German government policy; clear opinion on this topic; self-assessment of knowledge on the topic of right to have a say regarding government policy; agreement with statements on the topic of friendship and social relations: It is okay to develop friendships just because they can be beneficial; obligation to repay a favor; agreement with various statements about the value of paid work and the importance of work in general (demeaning to receive money without work, people who do not work become lazy, work is a duty to society, work should come first); clear opinion on the above topics; self-assessment of knowledge on the topic of work; frequency of use of different means of transport (car, public transport, bicycle); certainty about the correctness of the answer on the frequency of use of bicycle; personal relevance of bicycle use; environment and environmentally conscious behavior in the last four weeks: Frequency of savings regarding energy use and water; ever signed an environmental petition.

Layout experiment and evaluation (dd): satisfaction with the new questionnaire; evaluation of the new questionnaire in comparison with the previous questionnaire.

Wave hd:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module - Personality and personal values (ze): psychological self-characterisation (Big 5: reserved, trusting, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, inclined to criticise, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Conservation, emphasising one´s own achievements, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving instructions for action, obeying laws, taking care of others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s own achievements, justice, figuring things out).

Demography: Religion (study zt): current or former affiliation to a church or religious community; frequency of attendance at church, mosque, synagogue or place of worship in the last 12 months; frequency of prayer in the last month; religiosity.

Misperceptions of individuals and the German income tax (cu): estimated actual percentage of income tax of an unmarried employee without children at different annual gross salaries and each on an additional gross salary of 1. 000 (open); preferred level of income tax for the various annual gross salaries (open); contributions to social security tax deductible; annual gross income above which one belongs to the 10 per cent of the population with the highest income in Germany (open); highest 10 per cent pay too little, sufficient or too much income tax; assessment of the state´s handling of tax revenues (too frugal, responsible or too wasteful); percentage of one´s own income tax named or open; estimated percentage of own income tax for an increase in gross income of 1,000 euros per year.

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): probability of being infected with the coronavirus in the next two months (self, someone in one´s immediate environment (family, friends, colleagues); probability of hospital treatment in the event of being infected with the coronavirus; probability of being quarantined because of corona; probability of infecting others with the coronavirus in the next two months; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance from others (at least 1.5 metres), adapted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms, quarantined without symptoms, washed hands more often and for longer periods, used disinfectant, increased water and/or food supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, other (open), none); evaluation of the effectiveness of various policy measures to combat the further spread of the coronavirus (closure of daycare centres and schools, closure of sports facilities, closure of bars, cafés and restaurants, closure of shops (excl. supermarkets), ban on visiting hospitals, nursing and old people´s homes, curfew for over 70s and sick people, curfew for all, wearing face masks, smartphone app); willingness to comply with curfew or refusal; effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (medical care, closure of facilities or shops, reduction of economic damage, communication with the population); confidence in people and institutions in dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organisation (WHO), scientists); personal situation: Employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the coronavirus of dependent employees (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, short-time work, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover reduced/increased, company temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardship, company permanently closed or insolvent, no change); government measures advocated in the current pandemic (public funding of short-time work, public funding of short-time work also for mini-jobs, increase of short-time work allowance from 60% to 80% of last net earnings, government financial aid for companies and self-employed without repayment obligation, government subsidies for new hires, government lump-sum payments to all citizens); state of health during the last seven days (nervous, depressed, lonely, full of hope, physical reactions when thinking about one´s own experiences in the Corona pandemic); belonging to the risk group for severe COVID-19 disease progression; Corona warning app installed.

GESIS Panel - Fast-Track: The Corona Conspiracy (zy): agreement with statements regarding Corona Conspiracy (Coronavirus is a biological weapon, Coronavirus as a pretext for restricting civil rights, deliberate exaggeration of dangers and figures on the spread of the Coronavirus).

GESIS Panel - Fast-Track: Housing and partnership during the Corona Lockdown (zy): assessment of partnership during Corona-related restrictions; length of partnership; assessment of housing situation during Corona restrictions in terms of flat size or number of rooms.

Technical affinity and smartphone skills (de): affinity for technology (exciting to try out new technologies or devices, important that own technical devices are state-of-the-art, internet simplifies communication between people); self-assessment of ability in using smartphone.

Wave hc:
Environmental attitudes and behaviour (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zd): NEP scale (New Ecological Paradigm scale); willingness to pay for the environment (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifice of standard of living); attitude towards the energy transition (not enough to supply an industrialised country, does more harm than good, get away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent, large nuclear power plants are essential, the future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, nuclear power plants are a danger to everyone, energy transition destroys Germany as an industrial location, there is no alternative to the transition); Opinion on the nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy; seriousness of the problem of climate change; frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train on longer journeys); purchase of organic and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity.

Attitude towards refugees (zj): sympathy with refugees; sympathy with refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and collective prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in the residential environment.

Scale layouts in mixed-mode and mixed-device surveys (cx): Personality: Psychological self-characterisation (Big Five: reserved, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, inclined to criticise, thorough, nervous, active imagination).

Experiment on how to deal with difficult times and stress (feelings of inferiority, understanding disagreeable sides of one´s own personality, getting a balanced overview, other people are probably happier, seeing my faults as part of human nature, giving myself attention). The experiment was conducted in online mode only. There was no experimental variation for offline participants.

Parenting time information and gender norms (ci):
Vignette experiment on the division of own parental leave (open) and partner´s parental leave (open) with four different case studies with different information on net earnings and expected partner´s parental allowance.

Gender norms and family life (women should care more about family than career, family life suffers when women work full time, women are naturally more empathetic than men, men should participate in housework as much as women, men and women are equally suited for all professions, men should care more about financial security for the family than women, men have to learn how to handle babies first, unlike women, division of household and work does not matter as long as both are satisfied).

Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): probability of infection with coronavirus in the next 2 months (self and social environment); probability of hospital treatment in case of infection with coronavirus; probability of quarantine measures because of coronavirus; probability of infecting others with coronavirus; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, adjusted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms or without symptoms, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, reduced contacts, wore mouth protection, other (open), none); assessment of the effectiveness of various policies against the spread of coronavirus (closing daycare centres, kindergartens and schools, closing sports facilities, closing restaurants, closing all shops except supermarkets and pharmacies, banning visits to hospitals, curfew for over 70s and sick people, curfew for all, wearing face masks, smartphone app); Compliance with or refusal to comply with curfew; assessment of effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or shops, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the Corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organisation (WHO) and scientists); Employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the coronavirus of dependent employees (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, short-time work, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover reduced/increased, business temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardship, business permanently closed or insolvent, no change); government measures advocated in view of the current pandemic situation (public funding of short-time work, public funding also of mini-jobs, increase in short-time work allowance, government financial aid without repayment, government funding of new hires, lump-sum payments for all citizens); state of mind during the last seven days (nervous, depressed, lonely, full of hope, physical reactions when thinking about own experiences in the Corona pandemic); belonging to the risk group for severe COVID-19 disease progression.

Pandemics (dc): Germany should support other EU countries in the event of a pandemic.
Changes in physical activity due to policy measures to contain COVID-19 in Germany (GESIS Panel - Fast Track) (zy): change in the amount of walking or cycling and sports participation due to the restrictions; exercise after relaxation of restrictions; resilience in the Corona crisis (GESIS Panel - Fast Track) (fast recovery after difficult times, crisis has positive consequences, disastrous consequences for economy and society).

Wave hb:
Social and political participation (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module): Interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, worked in a political party, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, bought or boycotted a certain product, worked in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, wrote to the editor of a newspaper, participated in politics in another way, informed on the internet); intention to vote in the next federal election and voting decision (Sunday question); frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs and organisations in the last 12 months (sports and leisure club, church or religious organisation, association for art, music, cultural activities, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organisation, charity, parents´ or school association, other); contacts with friends; Political efficacy (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions about political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians do not care what people think; general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, Federal Government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; Left-Right self-placement.

Subjective well-being (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module): happiness in the previous cource of life, currently happy and expectation in one year; life satisfaction (satisfaction with life so far, with current life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure, friends, neighbourhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed or down, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless); comparison person in relation to own family and in relation to personal financial situation (work colleagues, family member, friends, neighbours, other persons -open).

Social support (German adaptation of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS): Social support in relationships (someone is there for me when I need help, I can share joys and sorrows with someone, family tries to help, I get the emotional help and support I need from my family, someone is there when I need comfort, friends try to help, I can count on my friends, I can talk to my family about my problems, I can share joys and sorrows with friends, someone cares about my feelings, family helps with decisions, I can talk to friends about my problems); state of mind in the last seven days (difficult to calm down, no positive feelings, difficult to get up and do things, tendency to overreact in situations, everything exhausting, couldn´t look forward to anything, got upset easily, difficult to relax, depressed and sad, reacting indignantly, unable to be enthusiastic, felt worthless, quite sensitive, life meaningless); characterisation of relationship with family, partner, friends and other people (friends respect me, family cares, partner does not respect me, I am not important to other people, family respects me a lot, people like me, partner is very caring towards me, can rely on friends, family admires me, I am respected by others, family loves me, friends do not care about my welfare, family relies on me, I feel respected, no support from family, my partner respects me, others admire me, I feel connected to my friends, my friends care about me, I feel valued by others, family respects me, partner admires me, my friends and I are important to each other, I feel born and well cared for, few would miss me if I died, my partner loves me, I don´t feel close to family members, friends and I have done a lot for each other); stable life partner; relationship duration (years, months (open).

Trust in parties and politicians (experiment: sequence of questions): probability of ever voting for the following parties (CDU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis90/Die Grünen, CSU); trust in institutions (Bundestag, Federal Government, political parties, Federal Constitutional Court, top politicians); trust in the respective aforementioned parties; trust in top politicians of the respective aforementioned parties; satisfaction with democracy in Germany; Left-right placement of the aforementioned parties; Left-Right self-placement.

Outbreak of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 resp. COVID-19 in Germany (GESIS Panel Special Survey): Probability of being infected with the coronavirus in the next two months (self, someone in the immediate environment (family, friends, colleagues); probability of hospital treatment in case of infection with the coronavirus; probability of being quarantined because of corona; probability of infecting others with the coronavirus in the next two months; Measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance from others (at least 1.5 metres), adapted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms, quarantined without symptoms, washed hands more often and for longer periods, used disinfectant, increased water and/or food supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, other (open), none of these measures); Evaluation of the effectiveness of various policy measures to combat the further spread of the coronavirus (closure of daycare centres and schools, closure of sports facilities, closure of bars, cafés and restaurants, closure of shops (excl. supermarkets), ban on visiting hospitals, nursing and old people´s homes, curfew for over 70s and sick people, curfew for all, wearing face masks/mouth guards in public, smartphone app so-called Corona warning app); compliance with or refusal of curfew; effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (medical care, closure of facilities or shops, reduction of economic damage, communication with the population); trust in persons and institutions with regard to dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organisation (WHO), scientists); personal situation: employment status before the outbreak of the corona crisis at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the corona virus of dependent employees (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, time off with/without continued pay, short-time work, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover decreased/increased, companies temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardship, companies permanently closed or insolvent, no change); State measures advocated in view of the current pandemic situation (public financing of short-time work with full cost reimbursement for companies, public financing of short-time work also for mini-jobs, increase in short-time work allowance from 60% to 80% of last net earnings, state financial aid for companies and self-employed without repayment obligation, state support for new hires , state lump-sum payments to all citizens); expectations for Germany´s economic development in 2020 and 2021; state of mind during the last seven days (nervous, depressed, lonely, full of hope, physical reactions when thinking about one´s own experiences in the Corona pandemic); belonging to the risk group for severe COVID-19 disease progression.

Wave hz (March 2020 - Coronavirus outbreak in Germany):
Probability of being infected with the coronavirus in the next two months (self, someone in the immediate environment (family, friends, colleagues); probability of hospital treatment if infected with the coronavirus; probability of being quarantined because of corona; probability of infecting others with the coronavirus in the next two months; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance from others (at least 1.5 metres), adapted school or work situation, quarantined because of symptoms, quarantined without symptoms, washed hands more often and for longer periods, used disinfectant, increased water and/or food supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, other (open), none ); evaluation of the effectiveness of various policy measures to combat the further spread of the coronavirus (closure of daycare centres and schools, closure of sports facilities, closure of bars, cafés and restaurants, closure of shops (excl. supermarkets), ban on visiting hospitals, nursing and old people´s homes, curfew for over 70s and sick people, curfew for all); willingness to comply with curfew or refusal; reasons for willingness to comply with curfew (social duty, fear of punishment, protection against infection, fear of infecting close people, fear of infecting others in general, fear of infecting vulnerable people in a risk group); reasons for refusing curfew (too drastic restrictions on personal freedoms, restrictions not justified, other obligations, does not stop spread of coronavirus, not affected by outbreak, too boring at home, will not be punished); effectiveness of various government measures to combat the Corona crisis (medical care, closing facilities or shops, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); trust in people and institutions in relation to dealing with the Corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organisation (WHO), scientists); personal situation: Employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of the coronavirus of dependent employees (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, released with/without continued pay, dismissed, no change) and self-employed (number of hours reduced/increased, more home office, turnover reduced/increased, business temporarily closed by authorities/voluntarily, financial hardship, business permanently closed or insolvent, no change); children under 12 in household; organisation of childcare during daycare and school closures (respondent stays at home, partner stays at home, older siblings, grandparents, other relatives or friends, neighbours or friends, use of official alternatives, ex-partner, child is alone, other (open), no change); media consumption: Sources of information on coronavirus (national/local public/private TV or radio, newspapers, Facebook, other social media, personal conversations, other (open), don´t inform myself); frequency of use of Facebook; information on Corona obtained from regional Facebook page or group/ not obtained from regional Facebook group or page.

Wave gf:
Evaluation of participation in the panel survey and participation preferences (GESIS Panel Core Study Module): Attitude towards surveys in general (scale); naming the three most important reasons for participating in the GESIS Society Monitor; opinion on participation in the GESIS Society Monitor in 2019 (regular conversations with third parties about survey topics, feeling obliged to participate, participation became a habit, suitable, identification with GESIS Society Monitor, surveys important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, fun to complete, invasion of privacy, interesting, having been asked to participate too often, exhausting); overall rating of GESIS Society Monitor surveys in 2019 and school grade; likelihood to recommend to friends to participate in GESIS Society Monitor; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels; internet access and internet use: Ownership of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; frequency of use of these devices; internet access with these devices at home and on the move; panel participation preferences: Probability of participation by paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred mode of participation.

Demography Update (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module): sex; age (year of birth); German nationality; foreign nationality; marital status; stable partner; joint household with partner; highest general school leaving certificate; highest vocational training certificate; university degree; type of university degree; current training status (vocational training or study); household size; net monthly income (classified); net household income (classified).

Tolerance towards refugees: Understanding (scale: See things from the other person´s perspective, try to understand all sides in an argument before making a decision, take friends´ perspective, don´t listen to other people´s arguments, there are two sides to every problem, put myself in other person´s shoes, imagine how I would feel before criticising a person); empathy (scale: Concerned feelings for people who are less well off, no great pity, would like to protect exploited people, other people´s misfortune doesn´t bother me, no pity for unfair treatment, I am touched by things, self-characterisation as soft-hearted person); Experiment, the following items relate to one of four fictitious groups of refugees (highly skilled professionals of Muslim faith, unskilled workers of Muslim faith, highly skilled professionals of Christian faith, unskilled workers of Christian faith) coming to Germany in large numbers: Solidarity with refugees (right to demonstrate, right to social events, right to cultural celebrations, right to political organisation); tolerance towards refugees (willingness to invite a member of the group home for dinner, does not want a member of the group as a work colleague/ as a direct neighbour, close friendship with a group member imaginable, does not want a group member as an in-law); impact of refugees in general on the economy, on cultural life in Germany and on Germany as a place to live.

Political disagreement, listening and participation: Personal type of listening in conversation with other people (understanding feelings and mood of person speaking, forming opinion at the end, mistakes stand out in what other person says, wants to get feelings out of conversation partner, waits until all points have been mentioned before forming own opinion, slightly impatient, finds it difficult to listen to people who take too long to share their thoughts, lack of logic stands out); relationship with most frequent political conversation partner; frequency of conversation with this person about parties and politics in the last 7 days; type of listening in conversation with this most frequent political conversation partner (understanding feelings, forming opinion at the end, mistakes are noticeable in what other person says, wants to get feelings out of conversation partner, waits until all points have been mentioned before forming own opinion, slightly impatient, difficult to listen to this person when he/she took too long to communicate his/her thoughts, lack of logic is noticeable); assessment of political knowledge of the most frequent conversation partner; frequency of different opinions; relationship with the second most frequent polical conversation partner; frequency of conversation with this person about parties and politics in the last 7 days, type of listening in conversation with this second most frequent polical conversation partner; assessment of the political knowledge of the second most frequent conversation partner; frequency of different opinions; general assessment of political parties (CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis90/ Die Grünen).

Wave ge:
Media use: use of selected electronic devices and Internet facilities (equipment); frequency of use of selected media (television, DVDs, videos, cinema, printed books, books via e-book reader, daily newspapers, magazines in printed form and online or as digital edition, radio, music CDs or music cassettes, radio play CDs or radio play cassettes, MP3, mobile phone, smartphone, computer offline, Internet or online services, creating digital films or videos and photos); Internet use: frequency of use of the Internet, World Wide Web or e-mail for private purposes; importance of selected Internet options; social networks: membership of social networks (e.g. Facebook or Twitter); most frequently used social networks and frequency of use; frequency of use of selected opportunities in contact with friends or acquaintances and with organisations, associations or initiatives (making new contacts, visiting profiles and pages, writing, subscribing to, linking to or sharing, searching for or exchanging information about events).

Demography Update: Work: employment situation; job satisfaction; occupation: proportion of working time spent in sedentary work and in social contact with customers, patients, students, etc. (social contact); job description: selected aspects of current work (working fast, large workload, often technical disruptions in the work process, organisational problems, understanding other people´s feelings, concentrating hard, working hard physically, learning and developing, fear of losing one´s job, decision-making autonomy, helping colleagues and superiors, making a positive impact on other people, important role in life, often exhausted by work); frequency of mental involvement with professional work in leisure time; management function; fixed-term or permanent employment contract; agreed weekly working hours or no agreed working time; actual working time per week including overtime; professional activity (open, job title); description of the main tasks of the professional activity; same occupation as a year ago; industry (NACE); activity if not employed (open).

Leisure: satisfaction with leisure time; frequency of selected leisure activities (making useful contacts, relaxing and recreating, acquiring and developing knowledge, keeping physically fit, helping others, volunteering, pursuing hobbies, spending time with family).

MTMM experiments (Multitrait-Multimethod experiments) to assess different behaviours (excessive income tax refunds due to deliberately false statements in the tax return, fare evasion, theft in a department store) and musical taste (classical music, opera music, jazz music)
In the two experiments, the question characteristics - here the response scale characteristics - were varied between the methods.

Clarification features: attitude towards foreigners (should adapt their lifestyle to that of Germans, send them back to their home countries when there is a shortage of jobs, prohibit political activity, choose spouses among their own countrymen); attitude towards science and the environment (too much trust in science, modern science does more harm than good, modern science solves environmental problems, too many worries about the environment, modern world harms the environment, too many worries that progress harms the environment); Social desirability (taking advantage of someone, being friendly despite stress, helping only in return, being objective and objective in a dispute, throwing away rubbish, listening attentively).

Maladaptive personality traits: more emotional than others, tricking people, careless handling of things, keeping distance to other people, seeing unusual connections, always approach things in the same way, constantly worrying, exaggerating, acting impulsively, not interested in anything, strange way of thinking, perfectionism, worrying about being alone, being entitled to special treatment, losing thread in conversation, no romantic feelings, everyday objects appear different than usual, firm approach, quick emotional, taking advantage of others is easy, forgetting bills, reluctant to spend time with others, strange experiences, perfecting things, worrying about everything, bending the truth, rash decisions, rarely enthusiastic, eccentric habits, unable to be alone, often have to deal with less important people, easily distracted, end relationships, see familiar object for the first time.

Wave gd:
Personality and personal values: psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trusting, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, critical, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: nature conservation, highlighting one´s own achievements, opinion-forming, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquisition of knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving instructions for action, obeying laws, caring for the needs of others, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s own achievements, justice, fathoming things out).

Faith and religion: current or previous membership of a church or religious community; frequency of visits to church, mosque, synagogue or place of worship; frequency of praying in the last month; self-assessment of religiousness.

Experiment on left-right orientation: left-right self-placement (number of scale points: 10 vs. 11; ´don´t know´ option: offered vs. not offered).

Vignette experiments on authoritarian enforcement of state power. The first experiment with four vignettes (both vignettes of experimental group 1 and 2) examines the acceptance of the temporary restriction of the right to demonstrate. The vignettes differ in the topic of the demonstration (cultural vs. social topic) and whether the topic is anchored in the political left or right. The vignettes of experimental groups 3 and 4 examine the positions of the respondents regarding a more robust exercise of power by the police and courts. These vignettes distinguish between the demonstrators´ aim (religious minority cause vs. more social benefits) and the perpetrators´ origin (German origin vs. migrant origin) of sexual assaults. Call for stronger enforcement of power and a more authoritarian state in difficult situations: Opinion on a ban on demonstrations by authorities; opinion on the general approach to rioters in demonstrations; opinion on harsher punishments against criminals; opinion on a one-week ban on demonstrations after various demonstrations with damage to property by participants (demonstration for the rights of homosexuals, demonstration for the extension of social benefits, demonstration against the construction of a mosque, demonstration against social benefits); opinion on the approach to rioters after a demonstration for the construction of a mosque or opinion on appropriate penalties for local men or North African men after harassment of women (prison sentences vs. financial penalties).

Political differences of opinion, listening and participation: general way of listening in conversation with other people (understanding feelings, forming opinions in the end, noticing mistakes in what other people say, wanting to find out the feelings of the interlocutor, waiting until all points have been mentioned before forming one´s own judgement, slightly impatient, finding it difficult to listen to people who take too long to share their thoughts, lack of logic); relationship with the most frequent interlocutor on politics; frequency of conversations with this person about parties and politics in the last 7 days; way of listening in the conversation with this most frequent interlocutor about politics (understanding feelings, forming opinions in the end, noticing mistakes in what the other person says, wants to find out the interlocutor´s feelings, waiting until all points have been mentioned before forming one´s own judgement, slightly impatient, finds it difficult to listen to people who take too long to share their thoughts, lack of logic is noticeable); assessment of the political knowledge of the most frequent interlocutor; frequency of different opinions; relationship with the second most frequent interlocutor about politics; frequency of conversations with this person about parties and politics in the last 7 days, type of listening in conversation with this second most frequent interlocutor about politics; assessment of the political knowledge of the second most frequent interlocutor; frequency of different opinions; general assessment of political parties (CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis90/ Die Grünen).

Family life and parental leave: Vignette experiment on the use of paid parental leave (distribution of available months among each other in the case of different net incomes of the respective partners or different amounts of the calculated parental allowance of the respective partners); agreement with statements on gender roles, family and family life (e.g. women should care more about the family than about their career).

Wave gc:
Environmental attitudes and behaviour: distance to next city; general attitudes towards
the environment - New environmental paradigm scale (NEP-scale); willingness to pay for the environment: higher prices, higher taxes, cut standard of living; attitudes towards energy transition; attitude towards nuclear energy: opinion on nuclear phase-out; opinion on pace of climate protection policy; attitude towards climate change: seriousness of climate change problem; environment and consumption: property of public transport season ticket; car availability; frequency of use of car, bike, bus or train in the region, and train on longer distances; purchase of organic groceries; purchase of regional food; purchase of green energy.

Attitude towards refugees: compassion for refugees; sympathy for refugees; refugees as a threat versus enrichment for the values as well as the prosperity in Germany; willingness to cooperate with refugees; acceptance of refugees in the living environment.

European Parliament elections: voted in the European Parliament elections 2019; recall party voted for in the European Parliament Election 2019; EU membership of Germany as a good or a bad thing; importance of the immigration issue for Germany and for Europe; immigration makes Germany to a better or worse place to live; satisfaction with the German government in general and regarding the immigration issue; satisfaction with the EU in general and regarding the immigration issue; level of government at which immigration issue to be dealt with.

Transnational solidarity towards EU fellow states: opinion on general solidarity in times of crisis: the federal state should provide assistance to other German federal states, Germany should provide assistance to other European Union countries; opinion on specific solidarity in case of a national bankruptcy: Germany should provide financial assistance to other European Union countries; conditions under which Germany should provide financial aid to another European Union country in case of a national bankruptcy; opinion on specific solidarity in case of natural disasters: Germany should provide financial assistance to other European Union countries in case of natural disasters; conditions under which Germany should provide financial aid to another European Union country in case of natural disasters; opinion on specific solidarity in case of a sharp increase in immigration: Germany should provide financial assistance to other European countries in case of a sharp increase in immigration; conditions under which Germany should provide financial aid; future of European solidarity: solidarity between EU countries should be the aim of the EU; economic inequality between richer and poorer EU countries should be reduced, even if this means that wealthier countries would have to contribute more; a pan European social welfare system for all EU citizens should be created, even if this could led to an increase in taxes; solidarity with the European Union.

Experiment on Left-right orientation: Left-right self-placement (Number of scale points: 10 vs. 11; don’t know” option: offered vs. not offered); interpretation of middle response option (for respondents in the two 11-point scale conditions); confidence in Left-right self-placement; ease of self-placement; familiarity with Left-right orientation; perceived usefulness of Left-right orientation; identification with political ‘left’, with political ‘right’ and with political ‘middle’.

Wave gb:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Social and Political Participation: political interest; political participation during the last 12 months (activities); intention to cast vote and choice of party (Sunday question); media use: frequency of political news; frequency of internet usage; kind of internet usage for social and political purposes (express opinion, discuss, forward e-mails, sign an online petition, participate in another way, informed about social and political issues); social network usage: member of Facebook, Twitter and frequency of usage; frequency of participation in federations, associations, clubs and organizations: sport or recreational organization, church or religious organization, art, music or cultural organization, social movement, political party, labor union, youth organization, humanitarian or charitable organization, parents’ or school association, others); frequency of regular meetings with a group of friends or acquaintances; important in life (family, friends and acquaintances, leisure time, politics, work, religion); political effectiveness; norms of citizenship (to vote in public elections, never evade taxes, form own opinion independently, obey laws, to be active in organizations, subject own opinions to critical examination); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, the judiciary, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy in Germany; left-right-self placement.

MTMM Experiments (Multitrait-Multimethod experiments) on environmental attitudes and supernatural beliefs: environmental attitudes: identification with environmentalists; all should be ready to restrict their current living standard; rural lifestyle solves problems; supernatural beliefs: belief in life after death, belief in heaven, belief in miracles.
In the two experiments, the question characteristics - here the answer scale characteristics - were varied between the methods.

Political disagreement, listening, and participation: general way of listening to other people in a conversation (understand feelings, listen until the end and only then form an opinion, notice mistakes in what other people say, want to find out how they feel, wait until all points have been made before I make a judgement, slightly impatient, hard to listen to people who take too long to share their thoughts, notice when people say something illogical); relationship to most frequent interlocutor on politics; frequency of exchange with the most frequent interlocutor on politics; way of listening to the most frequent interlocutor on politics (understand feelings, listen until the end and only then form an opinion, notice mistakes in what this person says, want to find out how the person feels, wait until all points have been made before I make a judgement, slightly impatient, hard to listen to this person when it took too long for them to share their thoughts, notice missing logic); assessment of political knowledge of the most frequent interlocutor; frequency of different opinion; relationship to second most frequent interlocutor on politics; frequency of exchange with the second most frequent interlocutor on politics; way of listening to the second most frequent interlocutor on politics; assessment of political knowledge of the second most frequent interlocutor; frequency of different opinion; rating of political parties in general (CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis90/ Die Grünen).

Attitude towards foreigners (should adjust their lifestyle to that of the German population, send back when jobs get scare, prohibit political activity, marry people of own nationality); attitude towards science and environment (too much trust in science, modern science does more harm than good, modern science solves environmental problems, too much concerns about environment, modern world harms environment, too much concern that advancements harm the environment).

The 2019 European Parliament Elections: intention to vote in the European Parliament election; party preference to the European Parliament election; European election party hypothetical; opinion on Germany’s EU membership; importance of the issue immigration for Germany and for Europe; immigrants make Germany a worse or better place to live; satisfaction with the federal government; satisfaction with the Federal Government’s work on immigration; satisfaction with the European Union in general; satisfaction with the European Union’s work on immigration; preferred level in dealing with immigration (federal states, federal government or Europe).

Opinions on time change in Germany: time change should remain as before versus should be abolished; preferred future regulation in case the time change is abandoned (permanent winter time or permanent summer time).

Wave ga:
Subjective well-being: happy with the previous life; happy in the current life and expectation in one year; satisfaction with the previous life; general satisfaction with life and expectation in one year; importance of selected areas of life (family, work, leisure, friends, neighbourhood, financial situation and health); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; general emotional state in the last week (depressed or depressed, strained, restless asleep, happy, lonely, enjoying life, sad, lacking motivation); Comparative person in relation to one´s own family (colleagues, family member, friends, neighbours, other persons -open); perceived importance of the family for this person and satisfaction of this person with his own family; comparative person in relation to the personal financial situation; perceived importance of the financial situation for this person and satisfaction of this person with his own financial situation.
Ranking scale for life satisfaction: evaluation of the life changes overall in the last year; evaluation of the changes in the areas of family, work, leisure, friends, neighbourhood, financial situation and health.
Development and consequences of narcissism: tendency to narcissism (great, famous in the future, special person, annoyed when you steal the show, enjoy success, malicious joy); latent narcissism (attract attention in conversations, great personality, competitors should fail, enjoy inferiority of other people, react irritably to criticism, want to be the focus); manifestation narcissism (most people do not achieve anything, others are worth nothing, special person, the center of attention, most people are failure, dexterous in dealing with others).
Elections to the European Parliament and the topic of immigration: intention to vote in the European elections; party that the respondent will vote for in the European elections or would hypothetically vote for; opinion on Germany´s EU membership; importance of the topic of immigration for Germany and for Europe; Germany becomes a worse versus better place to live through immigrants.
Ideological positions and evaluation of parties: satisfaction with the work of the federal government in general and with the issue of immigration; satisfaction with the work of the EU in general and with the issue of immigration; preferred level for dealing with the issue of immigration (federal states, federal government, Europe); party competence of CDU, SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP and AfD; willingness of the aforementioned parties to compromise; rather simple or rather complex solution proposals of the aforementioned parties; personal understanding of the competence of political parties (e.g. no fear of change etc.); party preference Bundestag elections (Sunday question); left-right classification of the parties CDU, SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP and AfD.
Opinion on time change in Germany: time change should remain as before versus should be abolished; preferred future regulation (permanent winter time versus permanent summer time).
Social norms, body weight and well-being: agreement to statements (valuable humans, good characteristics, failure, just as good being able as other humans, little, on which I can be proud, positive attitude to the own person, with itself contently, more self-respect, useless, worth nothing); body size in centimeters; body weight in kilograms; estimate size and weight; in the last two years tried to decrease and/or to increase; opinion to the own body weight; views of other people to the body weight of the asked one; weight, which the respondent would like to reach and/or hold.
Development and consequences of narcissism: tendency to narcissism (great, famous in the future, special person, annoyed when you steal the show, enjoy success, malicious joy); latent narcissism (attract attention in conversations, great personality, competitors should fail, enjoy inferiority of other people, react irritably to criticism, want to be the focus); manifestation narcissism (most people do not achieve anything, others are worth nothing, special person, the center of attention, most people are failure, dexterous in dealing with others).
Elections to the European Parliament and the topic of immigration: intention to vote in the European elections; party that the respondent will vote for in the European elections or would hypothetically vote for; opinion on Germany´s EU membership; importance of the topic of immigration for Germany and for Europe; Germany becomes a worse versus better place to live through immigrants.
Ideological positions and evaluation of parties: Satisfaction with the work of the federal government in general and with the issue of immigration; satisfaction with the work of the EU in general and with the issue of immigration; preferred level for dealing with the issue of immigration (federal states, federal government, Europe); party competence of CDU, SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP and AfD; willingness of the aforementioned parties to compromise; rather simple or rather complex solution proposals of the aforementioned parties; personal understanding of the competence of political parties (e.g., the competence of the political parties, the competence of the political parties, the competence of the political parties, the competence of the political parties, the competence of the political parties, the competence of the political parties).B. no fear of change etc.); party preference Bundestag elections (Sunday question); left-right classification of the parties CDU, SPD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP and AfD.
Opinion on time change in Germany: time change should remain as before versus should be abolished; preferred future regulation (permanent winter time versus permanent summer time).
Social norms, body weight and well-being: Agreement to statements (valuable humans, good characteristics, failure, just as good being able as other humans, little, on which I can be proud, positive attitude to the own person, with itself contently, more self-respect, useless, worth nothing); Body size in centimeters; Body weight in kilograms; Estimate size and weight; in the last two years tried to decrease and/or to increase; Opinion to the own body weight; Views of other people to the body weight of the asked one; Weight, which the asked one would like to reach and/or hold;
Body weight: female / male figure in a graph that most closely corresponds to one´s own body weight; ideal weight of a female and a male figure using the graph; view of most people in Germany on the ideal weight of a female and a male figure using the graph; assessment of women as too thin / too heavy using the graph; assessment of men using the graph as too thin / too heavy; women and men in the graph who most people in Germany would consider too thin / too heavy.
The order in which the silhouettes were presented was experimentally varied in two groups.
Frequency of situations in which the own body weight influences the everyday life (other people are disrespectful, insult, are respectful, stare in public, smile, compliment, give equal treatment, unasked health tips, ask for health tips, make fun behind the back, show in public, unfair treatment).
Sexual harassment: perception of prominent cases of sexual harassment in the USA (actor Bill Cosby, film producer Harvey Weinstein and US President Donald Trump); importance of sexual harassment in the workplace in the USA and Germany.
The order of the questions was experimentally varied.

Wave ff:
Evaluation of participation in the panel survey and participation preferences (GESIS Panel Core Study Module): attitude towards surveys in general (scale); mention of the three most important reasons for participation in the GESIS Society Monitor; opinion on participation in the GESIS Society Monitor in 2018 (regular conversations with third parties about survey topics, sense of obligation to participate, participation became a habit, appropriate, identification with the GESIS Society Monitor, surveys important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, fun to fill out, invasion of privacy, interesting, too often asked to participate, exhausting); overall rating of GESIS Society Monitor surveys and school grade; GESIS Society Monitor recommendation probability to friends; online panel membership; number of online panel memberships; Internet access and use: Ownership of stationary computer/PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; frequency of use of these devices; Internet access with these devices from home and on the go; panel participation preferences: Probability of participation per paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred participation mode.
Demography (Update, GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module): sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; steady partner; household with partner; highest general school leaving certificate; highest vocational training certificate; university degree; type of university degree; current educational status (vocational training or studies); household size; monthly net income (classified); net household income (classified); own children (natural or adopted).
Political disagreement, listening and participation: personal handling of different situations (understanding reasons for answering a problem, life full of tricky tasks, preferring complicated tasks, thinking, clearly structured life, unpredictable situations, insecure situations, questions that can be answered in different ways, impatience without quick problem solving).
Public services and political opinion-forming: assessment of political issues (good understanding of important political issues, politicians taking care of ordinary people, participation in political discussions, politicians striving for close population contact); relying on one´s own abilities in difficult situations, mastering problems on one´s own, solving strenuous and complicated tasks; frequency of personal contact with the civil office in the last two years; personal experiences with the civil office and the employees (friendly and helpful, trust in employees, equal treatment of all customers by employees, help with concerns, successful handling of concerns), frequency of personal contact in each case with the employment agency and the job centre in the last two years; personal experiences with the employment agency and the job centre (too many regulations, real help, equal treatment of all customers by employees, only demands, trust in employees, consideration of own ideas in the counselling, friendly and helpful employees, expected improvement of the situation by the counselling, getting support there); personal experiences in school time (equal treatment of all pupils by teachers, good preparation for later work, sufficient information about different career paths); personal approach to the demands of gainful employment (behaviour in case of difficulties, solving problems, relying on abilities in case of professional difficulties, ideas in case of problems, achieving set goals, meeting the demands); perception of one´s own position in society (feeling of exclusion, not finding one´s way, no recognition of one´s activity, looking down for work, attachment to one´s neighbourhood).
Psychological self-characterization (disposition self-compassion): personal contact with oneself in difficult times and stress: feelings of inferiority, understanding towards rejected sides of one´s personality, gaining a balanced overview, others are happier, own mistakes as part of human nature, giving necessary attention to oneself, keeping feelings in balance, only I fail, focus on the negative, most feel inferior, condemnation of one´s own mistakes and weaknesses, intolerant of oneself); frequency in the last month of: Loss of control over important things, feeling nervous or stressed, confidence to be able to manage personal problems, things going as they should, difficulties grow beyond the head; thinking and acting in past difficult situations (persuaded that everything is not true, gave up dealing with them, didn´t want to believe that this was happening to me, tried to look at things positively, didn´t try to get the situation under control anymore, tried to find something good in the events, resigned myself to it, learned to live with it); general life satisfaction (life corresponds to one´s own ideal ideas, life satisfaction, essential things in life achieved); intensity of feelings and sensations (active, angry, hostile, stimulated, ashamed, awake, nervous, determined, attentive, anxious).
Attitude towards refugees: compassion for refugees; sympathy for refugees; significance of refugees for personal values, for personal prosperity, for collective values, for collective prosperity (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; opinion on refugees in the living environment.

Wave fe:
Media: media equipment with selected electronic devices or Internet facilities (e.g. television sets, Blu-ray players, hard disk recorders, etc.); frequency of use of selected media or facilities (e.g. television, DVDs, cinema, various print media and online media, radio, etc.); frequency of Internet use; importance of various Internet facilities; membership in social networks; most frequently used social network; frequency of use of social networks; frequency of various usage activities in social networks; frequency of various usage activities in social networks in contact with organizations, associations or initiatives.
Work and leisure: employment situation (demography update); job satisfaction; occupation: amount of seated activity, amount of social contact; job description (work fast, high workload, many technical malfunctions while working, organisational problems, etc.).); frequency of thoughts about work in leisure time; leadership position; fixed-term employment; no agreed working hours; hours agreed and hours actual; occupation (open); sector of activity (NACE); activity if not employed (demography update); satisfaction with leisure time; frequency of selected leisure activities.
Politics: Assessment of the parties CDU, SPD, Bündnis90/ Die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP and AfD with regard to competence, willingness to compromise, simple or complex political solutions; personal understanding of the competence of political parties (no fear of change, good economic policy, dealing with voter base, well-trained politicians, no fear of conflicts, knows feasibility, keeps election promises, converts the will of the majority into action, stand by ideological principles); party preference (Sunday question); left-right classification of the above-mentioned parties.
Psychological self-characterisation (disposition self-compassion): personal dealing with difficult times and stress: feelings of inferiority, understanding of rejected sides of one´s personality, gaining a balanced overview, others are happier, making one´s own mistakes as part of human nature, giving necessary attention oneself, keeping feelings in balance, only I fail, focus on the negative, most feel inferior, condemning one´s own mistakes and weaknesses, intolerant of oneself); frequency in the last month of: Loss of control over important things, feeling nervous or stressed, confidence to be able to manage personal problems, things running the way they should, difficulties growing overhead; thinking and acting in past difficult situations (persuaded that everything is not true, gave up dealing with them, didn´t want to believe that this was happening to me, tried to look at things positively, didn´t try to get the situation under control anymore, tried to find something good in the events, resigned myself to it, learned to live with it); general life satisfaction (life corresponds to one´s own ideal ideas, life satisfaction, essential things in life achieved); intensity of feelings and sensations (active, angry, hostile, stimulated, ashamed, awake, nervous, determined, attentive, anxious).
Web push experiment on strategies how to push mail mode respondents of the GESIS panel to switch to the web mode: reading the regular or premature writing before filling in the questionnaire; difficulty of decision-making (online, offline); reasons against online participation (online, open); query of future participation mode (online); reasons against future online participation (online, open); indication of e-mail address for future online participation (online); experimental variable: push-to-web (Group A - regular contact / promised incentive, Group B - early contact / promised incentive, Group C - early contact / prepaid incentive).

Wave fd:
Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trusting, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, critical, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Nature conservation, highlighting one´s own achievements, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, a strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, giving new experiences, giving instructions, obeying laws, taking care of the needs of others, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s own achievements, justice, fathoming things);
Faith and religion: current or former membership of a church or religious community; frequency of visits to church, mosque, synagogue or place of worship; frequency of prayer last month; self-assessment of religiousness.
Housing and neighbourhood: difficulty in finding accommodation; open naming of wind turbines; number of wind turbines in the living environment (open); type of building of residential buildings in the neighbourhood.
Scope and characteristics of mobility experiences: ever lived abroad -open (see ZA5664_v29-0-0.csv); open answers: countries; age of respondent living abroad for the first time (categorised).
Privacy: privacy concerns; perceived invasion of privacy by banks, tax returns, research projects, computers and opinion polls.
Internet: private Internet use; devices for private Internet use (PC, laptop, tablet, smartphone, TV, game console, e-book reader or other devices); knowledge and difficulties with regard to the Internet in general (e.g. opening downloaded files, difficulty finding search terms when searching online, etc.); knowledge of using the Internet on mobile devices (e.g. installing or uninstalling apps, etc.); technical affinity (scale).
Psychological self-characterization: personal dealing with difficult times and stress: feelings of inferiority, understanding of rejected sides of one´s personality, gaining a balanced overview, others are happier, making one´s own mistakes as part of human nature, giving necessary attention to oneself, keeping feelings in balance, only I fail, focus on negatives, most feel inferior, condemning one´s own mistakes and weaknesses, intolerant of oneself); frequency in the last month of: loss of control over important things, feeling nervous or stressed, confidence to be able to manage personal problems, things running the way they should, difficulties growing overhead; thinking and acting in past difficult situations (persuaded that everything is not true, gave up dealing with them, didn´t want to believe that this was happening to me, tried to look at things positively, didn´t try to get the situation under control anymore, tried to find something good in the events, resigned myself to it, learned to live with it); general life satisfaction (life corresponds to one´s own ideal ideas, life satisfaction, essential things in life achieved); intensity of feelings and sensations (active, angry, hostile, stimulated, ashamed, awake, nervous, determined, attentive, anxious).
Vignette experiment: decision-making power over total savings according to partner constellation (man, woman, both decide) with different amounts of money on a joint savings account or on additional individual savings accounts); difficulties in evaluating the various descriptions; organisation of savings in one´s own relationship (e.g. respondent has savings account, partner has access etc., has no partner, no savings accounts available); partner with more money on his savings accounts; decision-making power over savings in one´s own partnership.

Wave fc:
Environmental consciousness: distance between residential area and large city; attitude towards the relationship between humans and nature (NEP-scale: approaching maximum number of people, the earth can support, the right von humans to adapt environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention, human ingenuity will insure that we do not make the earth unlivable, abuse of environment by humans, enough natural resources, equal rights for plants and animals to exist, balance of nature stable enough, humans are subjected to natural laws, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited room and resources, humans were assigned to rule over nature, balance of nature is very sensitive, humans will be able to control nature, we will soon experience a major ecological catastrophe); willingness to pay for the environment (higher prices, higher taxes, cuts in standard of living).
Attitude towards energy transition (renewable energies are not sufficient, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as soon as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants are essential for a reliable electricity supply, the future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, dangerous nuclear power plants, energy transition destroys industrial location Germany, no alternative to energy conversion); opinion towards the nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (lead the way vs. adapt its pace to other countries); seriousness of climate change problem.
Mobility and transport: property of public transport season ticket; car availability; frequency of use of different means of transportation (car, bike, regional bus or train, train on longer distances).
Consciousness for sustainable consumption(ecological, social and economic dimension): purchase of organic groceries and regional food during the past week; purchase of green energy; relevant criteria of product purchase (climate friendly, workers human rights are adhered to, no discrimination against employees, fair pay for employees); consideration to borrow the product; consideration to share the product with others; consideration of the necessity and of the usefulness of the product; reasons for waiver product purchase (financial burden, future restriction); number of purchases of products with a quality label for compliance with ecological standards, with social standards, produced in the region, over budget); frequency of borrowing products from friends or acquaintances; frequency of lending products to friends; possibility of self-growing; frequency of self-growing; occupational change with less money during the last ten years; year and month of occupational change; price consciousness (cheapest product for needs, search for the cheapest offer, look above all at price, price most important factor).
Politics: rating of the competence an of the willingness to compromise of the following parties: CDU, SPD, Bündnis90/die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP, and AfD; party complexity (simple or complex political solutions of the aforementioned parties); understanding of party competence (no fear of change, good economic policy, dealing with voter base, well-trained politicians, no fear of conflicts, known feasibility, keeps election promises, converts the will of majority into action, stand by ideological principles); party preference (Sunday question); left-right party placement (CDU, SPD, Bündnis90/die Grünen, Die Linke, CSU, FDP, and AfD); political interest; satisfaction with democracy; national pride; reducing taxes vs. spending more on social services; political efficacy (politicians don’t care what people think, confidence to take on an active role in political issues, politics is so complicated, that one cannot understand, politicians try to represent people’s interests); social inequality (differences in income as an incentive for personal achievement, differences in status between people are acceptable, social differences are just); equal training opportunities for everybody (equal opportunities); social conflicts: rating of the conflicts between different groups (political left and right, young and old, poor and rich, foreigners and Germans, Christians and Muslims); attitude towards foreigners in Germany (should adapt their way of life to the German way of life, sent foreigners home if jobs get scare, prohibit political activity of foreigners, foreigners should marry people of their own nationality).
Attitude towards Islam (the practice of Islamic faith in Germany should be constrained, Islam fits into German society, presence of Muslims leads to conflicts, Islamic communities should be surveilled by the state, No objection against a Muslim mayor, religious fanatics among Muslims).
Trust in institutions (judicial system, television, newspapers, German government, political parties, European Commission).
Internet use: purposes of Internet use (read news, for information, online shopping, online banking, read e-mails, book a holiday, take care of matters from authorities, self-organisation, social networks, participation in a lottery); trust in the Internet (concern about the security of credit card information, the Internet is a threat to personal privacy, too easy to find other people’s contact information, easy to assess the quality of products you can buy on the Internet, easy to assess whether messages from the Internet are correct).

Wave fb:
Social and political participation: political interest; political participation; intention to cast vote and choice of party (Sunday question); media use: frequency of politicial news, frequency of internet usage; frequency of internet usage for social and political purposes; participation in selected federations, associations, clubs and organizations; frequency of contacts with friends; importance in life (family, friends and acquaintances, leisure time, politics, work, and religion); political effectiveness; norms of citizenship (show solidarity, to vote in public elections, never try to evade taxes, form own opinion independently, obey laws, activity in organizations, subject own opinions to critical examination); general trust in most people; trust in public institutions (Bundestag, Federal Government, political parties, judicial authorities, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy in Germany; Left-right-Self placement.
Politicial candidate evaluation: Evaluation of political candidates and sexual orientation (vignette experiment): satisfaction with the election as representative in the German Bundestag and left-right classification of candidates with the following combinations of characteristics: heterosexual/homosexual, male/female and party affiliation (CDU, SPD, B90/Green).
Outsourcing of domestic labour: household help in the last three months; household help lives in the household; hours of household help per month (hours); expenses per month for household help; sex of household help; German origin of household help; employed through agency; corresponding query for child care, geriatric nurse, and gardener; household: children living in the household born 2012 or later; number of children of preschool age; persons over 80 years of age in the household; person in need of care in the household; person in need of care receives benefits from a long-term care insurance; size of living space; living together with a partner; sex of partner; year of birth of partner; highest level of education of partner; employment situation and income of partner;
opinion on homosexuality (less opportunities in Germany than heterosexual men and women, gays and lesbians are rarely discriminated against in Germany, anger at discrimination because of sexuality); homosexual acquaintances.
Attitude towards refugees: compassion for refugees; sympathy with refugees; meaning of refugees towards personal and collective values (threat vs. enrichment); meaning of refugees towards personal wealth and collective wealth (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to collaboration with refugees; preference for refugees in the residential environment.

Wave fa:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Subjective well-being: happy with the previous life; happy in the current life and expectation in one year; satisfaction with the previous life; general satisfaction with life and expectation in one year; importance of selected areas of life (family, work, leisure, friends, neighbourhood, financial situation and health); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; general emotional state in the last week (depressed, strained, restless asleep, happy, lonely, enjoying life, sad, lacking motivation); comparative person in relation to one´s own family (work colleagues, family member, friends, neighbours, other persons -open); perceived importance of the family for this person and satisfaction of this person with one´s own family; comparative person in relation to the personal financial situation; perceived importance of the financial situation for this person and satisfaction of this person with one´s own financial situation.
Ranking measure for life satisfaction: evaluation of life changes overall in the last year; evaluation of the changes in the areas of family, work, leisure, friends, neighbourhood, financial situation and health.
Development and consequences of narcissism: narcissism tendency (great, famous in the future, special person, annoyed when you steal the show, enjoy success, malicious joy); narcissism latency (attract attention in conversations, great personality, competitors should fail, enjoy inferiority of other people, react irritably to criticism, want to be the focus); narcissism manifestation (most people do not achieve anything, others are worth nothing, special person, the focus is on, most people are failures, skillful in dealing with others).
Ethnic and German identity of natives and immigrants: attitude towards German culture (scale: time spent to find out more about it, sense of belonging, clear what belonging means, actively done something to better understand it, informed by others about it, attachment, negative feelings, desire to belong to other culture, aversion, pride); further culture of origin (open); attitude to culture of origin (scale); frequency of personal disadvantage because of culture of origin; importance of identification with a culture.
Scope and characteristics of national and international mobility experiences: previously abroad; countries visited in Europe, America, Asia, Africa, Australia and Oceania; no country visited in Europe, America, Asia, Africa, Australia and Oceania; age at first visit to another country; ever lived abroad; naming of all countries in which respondent has lived (open); age when respondent first lived in another country; total time spent abroad in the last ten years; reasons for travelling abroad; naming of up to three particularly familiar countries (open); not particularly familiar with any country other than Germany; country of birth; place of birth abroad (mention of country of birth); state of current residence; ever in another state; states already visited; states where respondent has lived; reasons for travelling to another state; up to three particularly familiar states (open); not familiar with any state other than place of residence; frequency of moving to another city or municipality.

Wave ef:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences: attitude towards surveys in general (scale); mention of the three most important reasons for participation in the GESIS Society Monitor; opinion on participation in the GESIS Society Monitor in 2017; overall rating of GESIS Society Monitor surveys and school grade; GESIS Society Monitor recommendation probability to friends; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels; Internet access and use: possession of stationary computer/PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; frequency of use of these devices; Internet access with these devices from home and on the road; panel participation preferences: probability of participation per paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred participation mode.
Demography (update): sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; steady partner; household with partner; highest general school leaving certificate; highest vocational training certificate; university degree; type of university degree; current educational status (vocational training or studies); household size; children under 16 years of age in the household; number of children under 16 years of age; monthly net income (classified); net household income (classified).
ALLBUS time series in short time intervals: political interest; satisfaction with democracy; Identification: national pride; tax cuts versus more money for social services; politicians don´t care what people think; trust in playing an active role in political issues; politics so complicated that nothing is understood; politicians try to represent the interests of the population; income differences as an incentive for personal services; differences in rank between people are acceptable; social differences in the country are fair; educational opportunities according to talent and abilities for all; assessment of conflict potential between selected groups (political left and political right, young and old, rich and poor, foreigners and Germans, Christians and Muslims); attitude towards foreigners living in Germany (scale: should adapt lifestyle, send foreigners back to their home country in case of job shortage, prohibit any political activity, should choose spouses among their own compatriots); attitude to Islam (scale: exercise of the Islamic faith in Germany should be restricted, Islam fits into German society, presence of Muslims in Germany leads to conflicts, Islamic communities should be observed by the state, no reservations against Muslim mayors in one´s own community, among Muslims many religious fanatics); trust in institutions (justice, television, newspapers, federal government, political parties, European Commission).
German Panel Survey: party identification and strength of party identification; agreement on Germany´s economic and financial crisis assistance for other EU member states; recall of the 2014 European elections; left-right self-assessment; left-right assessment of the parties CDU, CSU, SPD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und Alternative für Deutschland (AfD); opinion on European unification; Classification of the aforementioned parties with regard to their attitude to European unification; satisfaction with the performance of the Federal Government; satisfaction with the decisions of the EU; assessment of the responsibility of the German Federal Government and the European Union for the economic situation in Germany; probability of choosing the parties CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen and Alternative für Deutschland (AfD).
Attitude towards refugees: Compassion for refugees; sympathy for refugees; significance of refugees for personal values, for personal prosperity, for collective values, for collective prosperity, (threat vs. enrichment); cooperation with refugees conceivable; preference for refugees in the living environment.

Wave ee:
Topics: GESIS Panel Core Study Module Media Usage.
GESIS Panel Core Study Module Work and Leisure: job satisfaction; occupation: amount of seated activity, amount of social contact; job description (eg. work fast, high workload, many technical malfunctions while working, organizational problems); leadership position; temporary contract; hours agreed; hours actual; occupation; sector (NACE); satisfaction with leisure time.
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Demography Update: activity if not gainfully employed.
Democracy Divided: People, Politicians, and the Politics of Populism in Germany in 2017: interest in politics; political effectiveness; impact of migration; German Identity; corruption among German politicians; demand for government measures to reduce income disparities; assessment of the work of the Federal Government; party represents political views; party which represents political views the most; assessment of the economic situation in Germany; participation in the parliamentary elections 2017 and 2013; election decision parliamentary elections 2017 and 2013 (first vote, second vote); assessment of political parties; assessment of politicians; left-right classification of political parties; left-right-selfplacement; satisfaction with democracy in Germany; party identification.
Attitudes towards ethnic minority groups (Muslims, foreigners, refugees, Sinti and Roma); overall assessment; feelings in general towards ethnic minority groups; cultural diversity; comparison of the economic situation of Germans with the economic situation of Muslims and other minority groups living in Germany; relationship to the group of Germans (proud to be German, to be German is part of personality); vote for political parties forcing assimilation or advocating for representation of Muslims and other minority groups.

Wave ed:
Topics: Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trustful, lazy, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, critical, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal preferences (scale): conservation of nature, highlighting one´s own achievements, forming of opinion, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquisition of knowledge, helping people, giving new experiences, giving instructions for action, following laws, taking care of others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s own performance, justice, fathoming things).
Faith and religion: current or previous membership in a church or religious community; frequency of visits to church, mosque, synagogue or church; frequency of prayer in the last month; self-assessment of religiosity.
Self-characterization willpower: willpower after exertion (pause after strong concentration, energy exhausted after mental activity, full strength after strenuous task, inexhaustible, recovery after strenuous activity, full strength for further activities); Resisting willpower to resist temptation, abandoning bad habits, laziness, saying inappropriate things, doing bad things, desire for more self-discipline, pleasure hinders work, difficult to focus, working effectively towards goals, doing wrong things, not thinking through alternatives, rejecting bad things, iron self-discipline; current state (exhausted vs. full of energy).
Climate change in the polar region: knowledge about melting of polar ice; concerns about melting of polar ice; willingness to drive less.
Children: own or adopted children; number of own or adopted children; stepchildren, foster children or children of the partner in the household; number of stepchildren, foster children or children of a partner in the household.
Gender roles (same intimate relationship of a full-time employed mother to her toddler as a non-working mother, full-time gainful employment of both partners as best division of labour in the family, toddler suffers when mother is working, man full-time employed and woman cares about household and children, working mother well for a child, both partners part-time, full-time employed father cannot take care of his children sufficiently, responsibility for household should lie with the woman in the case of full-time employed parents, same intimate relationship of a full-time employed father to his toddler as a non-working father).
Intention and decision to participate in elections (Sunday question).

Wave ec:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Environmental Attitudes and Behavior.
ALLBUS time series in short time intervals.
The short version of the German Big Five Inventory 2.
Improving recall of past political behaviour.
Attitude towards refugees scale.

Wave eb:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Political and Social Participation.
Attitudes towards ethnic minority groups.
Stability and relevance of disintegration.
Bias in web surveys of the general population, demonstrated using health status.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.

Wave ea:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Subjective Well-Being.
A Ranking Measure of Life Satisfaction.
Experiment on justice language.
The determinants of pro-environmental behavior - attitudes, identity and the framing of sustainable consumption.
Attitude towards refugees scale.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.

Wave df:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences.
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Demography Update.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.
Panel-Attrition within the GESIS-Panel An Empirical Test of an Extended Rational Choice Model.
ALLBUS time series in short time intervals.

Wave de:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – media usage.
GESIS Panel Core Study - work and leisure.
GESIS Panel Core Study - annual update of socio-demography.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.
Attitudes towards ethnic minority groups.
Stability and relevance of disintegration.
Materialism and quality of life.

Wave dd:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – personality and personal values.
Perception of time.
The standard of living approach to the measurement of poverty.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.
Conceptions of democracy and preferences over democratic procedures.
The determinants of pro-environmental behavior.

Wave dc:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Environmental attitudes and behavior.
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Social and political participation.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.
Threat perception and political trust.
Attitudes towards alternative partnership arrangements.
Party identification revised - Measuring party identification within the social identity framework.

Wave db:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module Political and social participation: political participation; media use for political information; use of internet for political and social purposes; participation in organizations; salience of politics; efficacy; norms of citizenship; political trust; satisfaction with democracy; left right self-placement; political attitudes.
Islamophobia and the fear of terrorist attacks.
Attitudes towards TTIP and their determinants.
The standard of living approach to the measurement of poverty.
Stability and relevance of disintegration.
Attitudes towards ethnic minority groups.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being: scales of satisfaction covering different spheres; general life satisfaction.

Wave da:
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module subjective well-being.
A ranking measure of life satisfaction.
The Role of Expectations and consumer’s behavior for the effectiveness of unconventional monetary and fiscal policies.
Evaluating political reforms using surveys.
Communication of simple statistics in climate policies.
Infectious diseases.
The development and consequences of narcissism.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.

Wave cf:
GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.
Envy in daily life.
Important life outcomes and mechanisms in age-related differences in envy.
Ethnic and German identity of natives and immigrants.
GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module – Demography Update.

Wave ce:
Media usage.
Work and leisure.
When do I do what others do? Social norms, factual knowledge, and their impact on pro-environmental behavior.
Conceptions of democracy.
Public attitudes towards market economy.
Asylum and migration policy.
Response behavior and rates.
Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.
Demography (update).

Wave cd:
Personality and personal values.
Everyday meat consumption.
Conceptions of democracy.
Environment, environmental zones, and living conditions.
Subjective well-being: scales of satisfaction covering different spheres; general life satisfaction.

Wave cc:
Environmental attitudes and behavior. Social and Political Participation. Party identification revised - measuring party identification within the social identity framework. Reforms Monitor: GIP, LISS, ELIPSS, and GESIS Panel Comparison Study. Within-yearly dynamics and cycles in subjective well-being.

Wave cb:
Social and political participation: political participation; media use for political information; use of internet for political and social purposes; participation in organizations; salience of politics; efficacy; norms of citizenship; political trust; satisfaction with democracy; left right self-placement.
Meat consumption: everyday meat consumption; the effect of information provision on behavior.
Interaction of humans and the environment: environmental concern, shopping on a weekly market.
Green energy provision in the household: choice situation question on green energy provision.
Subjective well-being: scales of satisfaction covering different spheres.

Wave ca:
Subjective well-being: scales of satisfaction covering different spheres.
Life satisfaction: ranking measure of life satisfaction.
Climate justice: environmental zones; driving behaviour.
Evaluating political reforms using surveys: representativeness of online panels; sample quality; question quality; preferences that change dynamically over time; preference separability.
Inheritance taxes and motives of intergenerational transfers within families: policy preferences for inheritance taxes; expectation of receiving an inheritance in the nearer future.

Wave bf:
Panel survey participation; evaluation; mode preferences.
Internet access; internet usage.
Inheritance taxes and motives of intergenerational transfers within families.
Memory: Metacognitive Prospective Memory Battery (MPMB).
Demography (Update).

Wave be:
Media Usage: Social network usage.
Work and Leisure.
Pro-environmental Behavior in High Cost Situations: financial investments.
Leisure travel; Subjective well-being.

Wave bd:
Personality and personal values.
Beauty-related actions: Social and individual predictors of doing beauty.
Conceptions of democracy: Citizens conception of democracy; Political participation.
Leisure travel; Subjective well-being.

Wave bc:
Environment and society: Environmental attitudes and behavior.
Elections in the European Union.
A short version of the Metacognitive Prospective Memory Battery (MPMBs).
Leisure travel; Subjective well-being.

Wave bb:
Social and political participation.
Elections in the European Union.
International panel comparison: online part of the GESIS Panel, the GIP in Germany, the Dutch LISS Panel, and the ELIPSS in France.
Positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) scale.
Additional survey evaluation.

Wave ba:
Subjective well-being.
Environmental spatial strategies.
Question design experiments: Cross-national replication.
Additional survey evaluation.

Wave ac:
Political perception and democracy.
Scale experiment: Scale numbering and scale switching within a questionnaire.
Experiment: Open question.

Wave ab:
Time perception; Political perception and democracy; Economic crisis.

Wave aa:
Life styles; Political perception and democracy.

Welcoming Interview:
Media usage: Sources; Political interest.
Place of residence: Characteristics of and personal satisfaction with the residential environment.
Leisure and work: Priorities; Concepts.

Recruitment Interview:
Life satisfaction; Social trust; Internet usage; Work and leisure; Invitation to the panel; Demography.