Restoring Plant Diversity on Mining Slopes of the Loess Plateau: Effects of Artificial Soil and Slope Characteristics on Ecological Rehabilitation

Mining activities have extensively degraded slope ecosystems on the Loess Plateau, presenting significant ecological and geological challenges. This study introduces an innovative ecological restoration method utilizing external-soil spray seeding technologyto improve soil structure and promote vegetation recovery on mining slopes, effectively addressing the challenges posed by harsh geological conditions that impede restoration. We aimed to elucidate how artificial soil application and slope characteristics influence plant diversity on restored mining slopes, providing effective management strategies for ecological rehabilitation.