The spectral conjugate gradient (SCG) technique is highly efficient in addressing large-scale unconstrained optimization challenges. This paper presents a structured SCG approach that combines the Qua
Under the background of carbon neutrality, green development is the theme of today’s times. The construction industry is an important part of the green development plan, and it is of great significanc
The manufacturing sector’s adherence to managing natural resources from the environment still needs to be improved. This study’s objective is to determine how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) inf
The spectral conjugate gradient (SCG) technique is highly efficient in addressing large-scale unconstrained optimization challenges. This paper presents a structured SCG approach that combines the Qua
