Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) data for South Africa from 1952 to 2023

Emergency events data for South Africa from 1952 to 2023 was downloaded from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) (https://public.emdat.be/data). EM-DAT includes all disasters from 1900 until the present. However, this record only spans back to 1952 for disasters recorded in South Africa. EM-DAT was created with the initial support of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Belgian Government. The main objective of the database is to serve the purposes of humanitarian action at national and international levels. The initiative aims to rationalise decision making for disaster preparedness, as well as provide an objective base for vulnerability assessment and priority setting. EM-DAT contains essential core data on the occurrence and effects of over 21 000 mass disasters in the world from 1900 to the present day. The database is compiled from various sources, including UN agencies, non-governmental organisations, insurance companies, research institutes and press agencies. Records included in the database should meet at least one of the following criteria: 10 or more fatalities, 100 or more people affected, declaration of a state of emergency by the country or a call for international assistance. The EM-DAT Data for South Africa from 1952 to 2023 atlas displays the locations and the number of natural disasters events per South African District municipality. This atlas utilised EM-DAT data to generate map layers of geophysical, meteorological, hydrological and climatological natural disasters that have occurred in South Africa between 1952 and the present day. The data was downloaded as a spreadsheet of natural disasters of the African continent from: https://public.emdat.be/data. Applying a filter to the country column, South African records were selected. To enable for the mapping of the data, the entries listed in the location column were associated to the current 52 district municipalities of South Africa, from which the map layers were created.

本研究使用的1952年至2023年南非应急事件数据，下载自应急事件数据库（Emergency Events Database, EM-DAT），下载地址为https://public.emdat.be/data。EM-DAT涵盖1900年至今的全部灾害记录，但南非的相关灾害记录仅可追溯至1952年。该数据库最初由世界卫生组织（World Health Organisation, WHO）与比利时政府支持建立，其核心目标是服务于国家及国际层面的人道主义行动，旨在优化灾害备灾相关决策，并为脆弱性评估与优先级设定提供客观依据。EM-DAT收录了1900年至今全球范围内超过21000起大规模灾害的关键核心数据，其数据源涵盖联合国机构、非政府组织、保险公司、研究机构及新闻媒体等多类渠道。纳入该数据库的灾害记录需至少满足以下任一判定标准：造成10人及以上死亡、100人及以上人员受影响、所在国宣布进入紧急状态或呼吁国际援助。本次针对南非的EM-DAT数据图集（1952年至2023年），展示了南非各地区级市政辖区内自然灾害事件的发生位置与事件数量。该图集依托EM-DAT数据，生成了1952年至今南非境内发生的地球物理、气象、水文及气候类自然灾害的地图图层。本次数据最初从https://public.emdat.be/data下载为非洲大陆自然灾害电子表格，通过对国家字段进行筛选，提取出南非相关的灾害记录。为实现数据的可视化制图，将位置列中的条目关联至南非当前的52个地区级市政辖区，由此完成各类地图图层的制作。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了南非从1952年至2023年的自然灾害事件数据，源自EM-DAT数据库，包含洪水、干旱、火灾等多种灾害类型，并以空间数据格式（shp）展示，覆盖南非52个行政区。数据集主要用于支持灾害准备、脆弱性评估和优先级设定，服务于国家和国际层面的人道主义行动。