Hyperthermia and doxorubicin release by Fol-LSMO nanoparticles induce apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells - Supplementary dataset

Background: Studies on the anticancer effects of lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LSMO)
nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated hyperthermia at cellular and molecular levels are scarce. Materials &
methods: LSMO NPs conjugatedwith folic acid (Fol-LSMO NPs) were synthesized, followed by doxorubicinloading
(DoxFol-LSMO NPs), and their effects on breast cancer cells were investigated. Results:
Hyperthermia (45◦C) and combination treatments exhibited the highest (∼95%) anticancer activity with
increased oxidative stress. The involvement of intrinsic mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and
induction of autophagy was noted. Cellular and molecular evidence confirmed the crosstalk between
apoptosis and autophagy, involving Beclin1, Bcl2 and Caspase-3 genes with free reactive oxygen species
presence. Conclusion: The study confirmed hyperthermia and doxorubicin release by Fol-LSMO NPs induces
apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells.