Dental monomers Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the kidney of wild-type mice

AbstractObjectives: Dental resin-based materials release unreacted monomers that may reach systemic tissues after oral exposure. This study evaluated whether oral administration of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) is associated with renal inflammation through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo.Methods: Wild-type mice were orally exposed to TEGDMA or BisGMA. Renal NLRP3 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression were assessed as markers of inflammasome-related inflammatory responses, and renal function was evaluated by measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR).Results: Both TEGDMA and BisGMA exposure were associated with increased renal NLRP3 expression and elevated TNF-α levels compared with vehicle-treated controls. Functionally, mice receiving either monomer exhibited a reduction in GFR, indicating impaired renal function.Conclusions: These findings provide in vivo evidence that oral exposure to dental monomers TEGDMA and BisGMA is associated with inflammasome-related renal inflammation and functional impairment. The results extend previous in vitro observations and suggest a potential systemic biological impact of dental resin monomers beyond the oral cavity.