Modeled brightness temperatures at 1.4-18.7 GHz at 19 Greenland Ice Sheet sites using the SMRT and GEUS snow models

This dataset was produced under the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative research fellowship Water Under Snow Cover. The GEUS snow model (Vandecrux et al., 2018, 2020a, 2020b) was run at 19 sites on the Greenland Ice Sheet accumulation area using the Copernicus Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA) as forcing. The Snow Microwave Radiative Transfer (SMRT) model from Picard et al. (2018) calculated the daily (6 AM) brightness temperature (TB) at four frequencies using as input the simulated profiles of snow temperature, density, and grain size from the GEUS snow model. The coupling between these two models was optimized through the adjustment of two parameters for each site and year. First, the number of pure ice layers to be considered in the SMRT input—based on the ice content simulated by the GEUS snow model—was optimized to maximize the match between observed and simulated winter vertically polarized TB at 1.4 GHz. Then, a multiplicative correction factor applied to the GEUS snow model's simulated grain diameter was also optimized each year and site to maximize the match between observed and simulated vertically polarized TB at 6.9, 10.7, and 18.7 GHz. Observations from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometers (AMSR-E, AMSR2) were used as the observed TB. Please refer to, and cite: Vandecrux, B., Picard, G., Zeiger, P., Leduc-Leballeur, M., Colliander, A., Hossan, A., & Ahlstrøm, A. (submitted). Estimating the depth of subsurface water on the Greenland Ice Sheet using multi-frequency passive microwave remote sensing, radiative transfer modeling, and machine learning. Remote Sensing of Environment.