Regulation of gene expression during formation of nodule-like structures (NLS) in rice roots

Several studies have shown that plant hormones play key roles during legume-rhizobia symbiosis. For instance, auxins can induce formation of nodule-like structures (NLS) on legume roots in the absence of rhizobia. Furthermore, these NLS can be colonized by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which favor nitrogen fixation compared to regular roots and subsequently increase plant yield. Interestingly, auxin also induces similar NLS in cereal roots. While several genetic studies have identified plant genes controlling NLS formation in legumes, no studies have investigated the genes involved in NLS formation in cereals. In this study, we performed a comprehensive RNA sequencing experiment to identify genes differentially expressed during NLS formation in rice at different stages and identified several promising genes for control of NLS based on their biological and molecular functions. Overall design: Examination of RNA transcripts in rice roots with or without nodule-like structures 1, 7, and 14 days post treatment with auxin, 50µM 2,4-D. Three biological replicates from each samples were included.