WHO household energy database

The WHO Household energy database monitors household energy use. The database contains nationally representative data from surveys and censuses on cooking, heating and lighting fuels. A proportion of the available surveys also include questions on stove type, time spent collecting fuel, and incidence of acute lower respiratory infection. The database is used to calculate national, rural and urban estimates for use of clean fuels and technologies (as well as the population affected), which WHO reports for Sustainable Development Goal Indicator 7.1.2.Similarly, the database is used as input for estimating the percent of the population who use polluting fuels and stoves (as well as the number of people), such as those that burn wood, charcoal, animal dung, coal and kerosene – this serves a proxy for exposure to household air pollution. It also forms the basis for further assessment of the burden of disease attributable to household air pollution, which is associated with increased mortality and morbidity from acute lower respiratory infections among children, as well as from cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer among adults.The database is regularly updated with new data from national censuses and large-scale household surveys such as the World Bank’s Living Standard and Measurement Survey and UNICEF’s Multiple Cluster Indicator Survey (MICS). The database is currently being upgraded in association with international and national surveys and censuses to include more data on heating and lighting fuels and technologies and emission rates, and to disaggregate data by sex and age whenever possible.

世界卫生组织（WHO）家庭能源数据库致力于监测家庭能源消耗情况。该数据库汇集了来自全国性调查和人口普查的代表性数据，涉及烹饪、供暖和照明燃料的使用。其中一部分调查还包括关于炉灶类型、收集燃料所花费时间以及急性下呼吸道感染发病率的提问。数据库被用于计算国家、农村和城市地区清洁燃料和技术使用（以及受影响的人口）的估计值，这些数据由WHO在可持续发展目标7.1.2指标报告中予以公布。同样，数据库也被用作估算使用污染燃料和炉灶（以及人数）的人口百分比（例如，燃烧木材、木炭、动物粪便、煤炭和煤油等燃料的炉灶），这作为家庭空气污染暴露的替代指标。此外，它还构成了评估家庭空气污染所导致的疾病负担的基础，这种污染与儿童急性下呼吸道感染、成年人心血管疾病、慢性阻塞性肺病和肺癌的死亡率及发病率增加有关。数据库定期通过国家人口普查和大规模家庭调查（如世界银行的《生活水平与测量调查》和联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的《多群指标调查》（MICS））的新数据予以更新。目前，数据库正在与国际和国家级调查及普查相结合，以增加关于供暖和照明燃料及技术以及排放率的更多数据，并在可能的情况下按性别和年龄对数据进行细分。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

WHO Household Energy Database是一个由世界卫生组织维护的数据库，主要收集和分析全球家庭能源使用的数据，包括烹饪、取暖和照明燃料的使用情况，支持可持续发展目标的相关报告。数据集定期更新，并计划扩展更多细分数据。