Timeline for data collection, intervention, and outcome evaluation

A randomized, controlled, double-blind study has been designed for completion at Lianyungang Oriental Hospital, China. Sixty patients with hyperglycemia after severe closed traumatic brain injury will be randomized into an intensive insulin therapy group and a nonintensive insulin therapy group. The intensive insulin therapy group will then be divided into three subgroups based on the following targetblood glucose levels: 4.4–7.0 mM (strict control group), 7.1–10.0 mM (moderate control group), and 10.1– 3.0 mM (slight control group). Inthe intensive insulin therapy group, the blood glucose levels will be monitored and controlled using the Yale Insulin Infusion Protocol, and amicropump will be used for intravenous injection of insulin. The nonintensive insulin therapy group will be given subcutaneous insulin injections. The primary endpoint will be the blood glucose levels, and the secondary endpoints will be mortality, activities of daily living, and prognosis.