三极冰川微生物组数据库

冰川覆盖了全球10%的陆地表面，是重要的淡水资源，同时也蕴藏着丰富多样的微生物及地球化学循环过程。该数据集包含三极（南极、北极和青藏高原）冰川细菌和古菌（以下简称微生物）的数据集。该数据集包括来自 815 个样本的扩增子测序数据，涵盖 67,224 个基于扩增子的系统发育树，以及它们序列、相对丰度、物种注释。此外，数据集还包含 952 个培养细菌基因组序列和 208 个鸟枪法元基因组序列。元基因组分箱后，数据集包含 4,327 个基因组和 62,595,715 个独特基因。这些基因已被注释为碳水化合物相关酶功能（共 1,052,745 个基因）、氮循环（136,424 个基因）、甲烷循环（154 个基因）、耐药基因（960 个基因）和毒力因子（66,017 个基因）。
从生态学的角度来看，该数据集提供了有关微生物多样性、分类和群落结构的标准化信息，有助于更好地了解微生物在冰川上的分布及其在冰川上生态系统不同生境中的分布的生态学原理。从地球化学循环的角度来看，该数据库有助于深入了解与超冰川微生物群相关的关键功能基因，从而加深我们对碳和氮循环的理解，并有助于开发预测未来冰川碳和氮动态的模型。该数据库还可用于识别冰川中潜在的生物危害，如病原体和新出现的污染物，并从生物安全的角度评估冰川融化对下游生态系统的影响，从而帮助决策者就气候变化做出明智的决策。

Glaciers cover 10% of the global terrestrial surface, serving as important freshwater resources while harboring diverse microorganisms and biogeochemical cycling processes. This dataset focuses on bacteria and archaea (hereinafter referred to as microorganisms) in glaciers from the three polar regions: Antarctica, the Arctic, and the Tibetan Plateau. It includes amplicon sequencing data from 815 samples, covering 67,224 amplicon-based phylogenetic trees, along with their sequences, relative abundances, and species annotations. Additionally, the dataset contains 952 cultured bacterial genome sequences and 208 shotgun metagenome sequences. After metagenome binning, the dataset encompasses 4,327 genomes and 62,595,715 unique genes. These genes have been annotated with functions related to carbohydrate-active enzymes (1,052,745 genes in total), nitrogen cycles (136,424 genes), methane cycles (154 genes), antimicrobial resistance genes (960 genes), and virulence factors (66,017 genes). From an ecological perspective, this dataset provides standardized information on microbial diversity, taxonomy, and community structure, facilitating a better understanding of the distribution of microorganisms on glaciers and the ecological principles underlying their distribution across different habitats in glacial ecosystems. From the perspective of biogeochemical cycles, this dataset aids in gaining in-depth insights into key functional genes associated with supraglacial microbial communities, thereby advancing our understanding of carbon and nitrogen cycles and supporting the development of predictive models for future glacial carbon and nitrogen dynamics. This dataset can also be used to identify potential biological hazards in glaciers, such as pathogens and emerging pollutants, and assess the impacts of glacial melt on downstream ecosystems from a biosafety perspective, thus assisting policymakers in making informed decisions regarding climate change.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是一个专注于南极、北极和青藏高原（三极）冰川微生物组的综合性数据库，包含815个样本的扩增子测序数据、67,224个系统发育树、952个培养细菌基因组和208个元基因组序列，总计4,327个基因组和超过6,200万个独特基因，并已注释了碳水化合物酶、氮循环、甲烷循环等功能基因。数据集具有高分辨率（时间1-10年，空间100m-1km）、开放获取、数据量22.75 GB的特点，旨在支持微生物生态学研究和地球化学循环分析，帮助评估冰川融化对生态系统的影响，为气候变化决策提供科学依据。