HEPATOCYTES: HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATION

Hepatocytes are the principal parenchymal cells of the liver, comprising nearly 70–80% of its cellular mass. Their unique histological architecture and functional heterogeneity underlie the liver’s role in metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis. Understanding the microscopic features of hepatocytes is critical for evaluating normal physiology and pathological alterations in hepatic diseases. This study analyzes the histological organization, cytological features, and functional specializations of hepatocytes based on current histological and ultrastructural research.