Religion and Religiousness in Russia 1996

The survey studied the concepts of religion, morals, and values in Russia in the middle of the 1990s. The respondents were asked how important in life they consider work, family, friends or acquaintances, leisure, politics, and religion. They were also asked what kind of people they would not have as their neighbours. Furthermore, they were asked to estimate whether people helped each other more or less than they did 10 years ago, whether they were happy with their lives at the moment, 5 years ago and 5 years from now, why there were poor people in the country, and what was the reason for that. The respondents were asked what economical and social factors were the most important to them at work. They were also asked what role should owners, the state, and employees have in the ownership of an enterprise and in choosing management. Several questions dealt with morals and the meaning of life, the respondents' religiosity, attendance of church services, and their attitude towards the church. In addition, the respondents were asked about their family relations, the meaning of family in their lives, and whether the respondents had the same attitude towards religion, morals, politics, and sexuality as their spouse and parents. Furthermore, the respondents were asked in view of a good marriage, how important they felt faithfulness, material goods, belonging to the same social stratum, mutual respect, same political views, sexual satisfaction, children, and sharing the chores at home. Relating to children, the respondents were asked the actual and desired number of children in the family, the attitude towards child-rearing, conceptions of the relationship between parents and children, and what kind of values should parents instill in their children. Furthermore, the respondents were asked about their attitudes towards working mothers and the roles of spouses in marriage. There were several questions about attitudes towards politics and political participation. Moreover, the respondents were asked about their conceptions of the country's future and social development. On the other hand, the respondents were asked how they support various social movements, like environmental movement, movement against nuclear energy, and women's movement. In relation to their moral conceptions, the respondents were asked about several things, for instance, using public transport without a ticket, using drugs, prostitution, suicide, and euthanasia. The respondents were also asked whether they identified themselves as dwellers of their own community, a larger area, members of a nationality, Russia, Europe or the whole world, and how proud they were over being citizens of Russia. A host of questions dealt with economical and political life in Russia, the conceptions of the former Soviet Union, and the future of Russia. Background variables were included the respondent's sex, age, education, profession, place of residence in childhood, size of family, income, nationality of the respondent and other family members, membership in a political party, and R's political views.

本调查深入探讨了20世纪90年代中期俄罗斯宗教、道德与价值观的概念。受访者被询问其对工作、家庭、朋友或熟人、休闲、政治和宗教在生活中的重要性看法，以及他们不愿与何人做邻居。此外，受访者还被要求评估人们相互帮助的程度是否比10年前有所增减，他们对当前、五年前以及五年后的生活是否满意，国家贫困的原因以及其原因。受访者还被询问在工作中他们认为哪些经济和社会因素最为重要。他们还被问及在企业所有权与管理选择中，所有者、国家和雇员应扮演何种角色。若干问题涉及道德与生活的意义，受访者的宗教信仰、参加教堂服务的频率及其对教会的态度。此外，受访者还被询问其家庭关系、家庭在其生活中的意义，以及他们对宗教、道德、政治和性别的态度是否与其配偶和父母相同。进一步地，受访者还被询问在理想婚姻中，忠诚、物质财富、同属一个社会阶层、相互尊重、相同的政治观点、性满足、子女以及家务分担在家中的重要性。关于子女，受访者被询问家庭实际和期望的子女数量，对抚养子女的态度，父母与子女关系的观念，以及父母应向子女灌输何种价值观。此外，受访者还被询问其对职业女性的态度以及配偶在婚姻中的角色。有几道问题涉及对政治和政治参与的看法。此外，受访者还被询问其对国家未来和社会发展的看法。另一方面，受访者还被询问他们如何支持各种社会运动，如环保运动、反核能运动和女权运动。与他们的道德观念相关，受访者还被询问了若干事项，例如无票使用公共交通、使用毒品、卖淫、自杀和安乐死。受访者还被询问他们是否认同自己是自己社区的居民、更大区域的居民、民族的一员、俄罗斯人、欧洲人或全世界的居民，以及他们作为俄罗斯公民的自豪感。众多问题涉及俄罗斯的经济和政治生活，对前苏联的见解以及俄罗斯的未来。背景变量包括受访者的性别、年龄、教育程度、职业、童年居住地、家庭规模、收入、受访者及家庭成员的国籍、政治党派成员资格以及R的政治观点。