2012-2021年中国基于长时序主动火点/热点数据的工业热源数据集

工业热源是衡量能源消费水平和空气污染的关键指标。在中国，能源密集型产业正面临着转型升级的巨大挑战。因此，准确识别工业热源的位置并监测其时间动态模式变得至关重要。本研究利用长时序主动火点/热点（ACF）数据，构建了2012至2021年间中国工业热源数据集，用以监测和分析大范围的工业热源。首先，采用基于改进k-means算法的密度分割方法，对长时序ACF数据进行空间拓扑关联分析，以此识别和构建工业热源。最终，共获取了2012至2021年间4410个工业热源，并通过高分辨率遥感影像和兴趣点（POI）数据的人工验证，其识别精度达到95.08%。最后，利用长时间序列数据分析了工业热源的时空变化趋势。2012至2021年的结果表明，中国工业热源的空间分布呈现出局部聚集性以及从东向西逐步转移的趋势。并且，中国工业热源的数量变化趋势表现为2012年至2014年初始增加，随后自2014年起持续减少，这与国家能源改革相关政策相符。本研究的结果揭示了工业热源的时间变化特征，提高了火点类别识别的准确性，并在推动中国能效提升、减排和可持续发展方面展现了应用潜力。

Industrial heat sources are key indicators for measuring energy consumption levels and air pollution. In China, energy-intensive industries are facing significant challenges in transformation and upgrading. Therefore, accurately identifying the locations of industrial heat sources and monitoring their temporal dynamic patterns has become critically important. This study constructed a dataset of industrial heat sources in China from 2012 to 2021 using long-time-series active fire points/hotspots (ACF) data, to monitor and analyze large-scale industrial heat sources. First, a density segmentation method based on the improved k-means algorithm was adopted to conduct spatial topological correlation analysis on the long-time-series ACF data, so as to identify and construct industrial heat sources. Ultimately, a total of 4,410 industrial heat sources were obtained from 2012 to 2021. Through manual verification using high-resolution remote sensing images and points of interest (POI) data, the identification accuracy reached 95.08%. Finally, the spatiotemporal variation trends of industrial heat sources were analyzed using long-time-series data. The results from 2012 to 2021 show that the spatial distribution of China's industrial heat sources exhibits local aggregation and a gradual east-to-west transfer trend. Moreover, the trend in the number of China's industrial heat sources shows an initial increase from 2012 to 2014, followed by a continuous decline since 2014, which is consistent with relevant national energy reform policies. The results of this study reveal the temporal variation characteristics of industrial heat sources, improve the accuracy of fire point category identification, and demonstrate application potential in promoting China's energy efficiency improvement, emission reduction, and sustainable development.