Table_1_High levels of Bifidobacteriaceae are associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.docx

BackgroundThe diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is complex and there are no biomarkers for early identification. Many studies have reported altered gut microbiota in patients with PD compared with healthy individuals. However, results from previous studies vary across countries.AimsThe aim of this study was to identify gut microbiota biomarkers that could be used as a marker for the diagnosis of PD.MethodsFirstly, the differential gut microbiota was obtained by meta-analysis, and then the results of meta-analysis were validated through metagenomic cohort. Finally, the ROC curve was drawn based on the metagenomic validation results.ResultsThe meta-analysis showed a lower relative abundance of Prevotellaceae (p < 0.00001) and Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.002), and a higher of Ruminococcaceae (p < 0.00001), Christensenellaceae (p = 0.03), Bifidobacteriaceae (p < 0.00001), and Verrucomicrobiaceae (p = 0.02) in patients with PD. Only Bifidobacteriaceae was also at high levels in the validation cohort of the metagenome. Meanwhile, three species from the Bifidobacteriaceae, including Scardovia_inopinata (p = 0.022), Bifidobacterium_dentium (p = 0.005), and Scardovia_wiggsiae (p = 0.024) were also high. The ROC curve showed that the three species (71.2%) from Bifidobacteriaceae had good predictive efficiency for PD.ConclusionElevated Bifidobacteriaceae may be associated with PD. Elevated three species from the Bifidobacteriaceae, including Scardovia_inopinata, Bifidobacterium_dentium and Scardovia_wiggsiae may provide new potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of PD.

背景：帕金森病（PD）的诊断复杂，目前尚无早期识别的生物标志物。众多研究指出，与健康个体相比，帕金森病患者肠道菌群存在显著差异。然而，既往研究的结果在不同国家间存在差异。目的：本研究旨在识别可作为帕金森病诊断标志物的肠道菌群生物标志物。方法：首先，通过荟萃分析获得差异性的肠道菌群，随后通过宏基因组队列对荟萃分析结果进行验证。最终，基于宏基因组验证结果绘制ROC曲线。结果：荟萃分析显示，帕金森病患者中普雷沃菌科（Prevotellaceae）和乳酸杆菌科（Lachnospiraceae）的相对丰度降低（p < 0.00001和p = 0.002），而瘤胃球菌科（Ruminococcaceae）、克里斯琴菌科（Christensenellaceae）、双歧杆菌科（Bifidobacteriaceae）和疣微菌科（Verrucomicrobiaceae）的相对丰度升高（p < 0.00001、p = 0.03、p < 0.00001和p = 0.02）。在宏基因组验证队列中，仅双歧杆菌科的水平较高。同时，双歧杆菌科中的三种菌株，包括Scardovia_inopinata（p = 0.022）、Bifidobacterium_dentium（p = 0.005）和Scardovia_wiggsiae（p = 0.024）亦处于较高水平。ROC曲线显示，来自双歧杆菌科的这三种菌株（71.2%）对PD具有良好的预测效率。结论：双歧杆菌科的升高可能与帕金森病相关。双歧杆菌科中包括Scardovia_inopinata、Bifidobacterium_dentium和Scardovia_wiggsiae在内的三种菌株的升高可能为帕金森病诊断提供新的潜在生物标志物。