鸭绿江流域与水系 – 世界地理数据大百科辞条

鸭绿江流域是指鸭绿江干流和支流汇水区，地理位置为39&deg43′57″N-42&deg17′28″N，123&deg35′59″E-128&deg45′50″E。与其接壤的流域分别是辽河流域（东）、松花江流域（北）、图们江流域（北）、大同江流域（西南）等。鸭绿江流域界线在中国境内从长白山天池火山口的南壁起始，向西南经长白山脉、转向西南至千山山脉的北部，再折向南入海；在朝鲜境内，鸭绿江流域从长白山天池南坡启始向东南经过摩天岭山脉，在头流山（2309 m）转向西南方向的赴战岭山脉，在英雄里附近转向西，经狼林山（2184 m）、广城、松源，转向西南方向的狄逾岭山脉，接江南山脉的南部后至鸭绿江河口。鸭绿江流域面积65215.49 km&sup2，其中，中国境内面积32799.22 km&sup2，朝鲜境内面积32416.27 km&sup2。鸭绿江是中（国）朝（鲜）界河，它起源于长白山天池火山口的南壁，向南经惠山（朝）、折向西经临江（中）、再转向西南直向丹东（中）、新义州（朝），最后在东港（中）和多狮里（朝）附近注入黄海的西朝鲜湾。鸭绿江干流长844.98 km，有几条比较大的支流汇入，包括在朝鲜境内的虛川江、長津江、厚州川、慈城江、禿魯江、忠满江和三桥川；在中国境内的浑江、蒲石河、瑗河等。鸭绿江干流沿中朝国界线自东北向西南流经吉林省的长白朝鲜族自治县、临江市、集安市；辽宁省的桓仁满族自治县、宽甸满族自治县、丹东市和东港市；朝鲜的两江道、慈江道和平安北道。鸭绿江流域地处暖温带湿润季风气候区。年降水量800-1200 mm。流域内多山，最高海拔2745 m，河道比降比较大，达到0.0032，其中在中段可达到0.01。丰富的降水补给和较大的河床比降，使得鸭绿江流域成为亚洲单位面积水资源和水利资源最丰富的流域之一。近80年来，流域内先后建造了水丰水库（中、朝）、渭源水库（中、朝）、铁甲水库（中）、太平哨水库（中）、桓仁水库（中）、回龙山水库（中）、满丰湖水库（朝）、版平里水库（朝）、时中湖水库（朝）、狼林湖水库（朝）、长津湖水库（朝）、赴战湖水库（朝）、丰西湖水库等（朝）。数据文件包括鸭绿江干流、鸭绿江水系和鸭绿江流域地理信息系统数据文件组成。数据集以.kmz 和.shp格式存储，数据量43.8 MB（压缩为20.1 MB）。

The Yalu River Basin refers to the catchment area of the main stream and tributaries of the Yalu River, with a geographical scope ranging from 39°43′57″N to 42°17′28″N, and 123°35′59″E to 128°45′50″E. Its adjacent basins include the Liao River Basin (east), Songhua River Basin (north), Tumen River Basin (north), Datong River Basin (southwest), etc.
The boundary of the Yalu River Basin within China starts from the southern wall of the crater of Changbai Mountain Tianchi, runs southwestward through the Changbai Mountains, turns southwest to the northern part of the Qianshan Mountains, then turns southward to the sea. Within the DPRK, the basin boundary starts from the southern slope of Changbai Mountain Tianchi, flows southeastward through the Motianling Mountains, turns southwest to the Fuzhanling Mountains near Touliu Mountain (2309 m), turns west near Yingxiong-li, passes through Langlin Mountain (2184 m), Guangcheng, Songyuan, turns southwestward to the Diyuling Mountains, connects to the southern section of the Jiangnan Mountains, and finally reaches the Yalu River estuary.
The total area of the Yalu River Basin is 65215.49 km², of which 32799.22 km² lies within China, and 32416.27 km² lies within the territory of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK).
The Yalu River is the boundary river between China and the DPRK. It originates from the southern wall of the crater of Changbai Mountain Tianchi, flows southward through Huishan (DPRK), turns westward to Linjiang (China), then continues southwestward towards Dandong (China) and Sinuiju (DPRK), and finally empties into the West Korea Bay of the Yellow Sea near Donggang (China) and Duoshili (DPRK).
The main stream of the Yalu River has a total length of 844.98 km, with several large tributaries flowing into it, including the Xuchuan River, Changjin River, Houzhou River, Cicheng River, Tulu River, Zhongman River and Sanqiao River within the DPRK; and the Hun River, Pushi River, Yuanhe River, etc. within China.
Along the China-DPRK border, the main stream of the Yalu River flows from northeast to southwest through Changbai Korean Autonomous County, Linjiang City and Ji'an City in Jilin Province; Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County, Dandong City and Donggang City in Liaoning Province; and Ryanggang Province, Chagang Province and Pyonganbuk-do in the DPRK.
The Yalu River Basin is located in the warm temperate humid monsoon climate zone, with an annual precipitation of 800–1200 mm. The basin is mostly mountainous, with the highest elevation of 2745 m. The riverbed slope is relatively large, reaching 0.0032, and can reach 0.01 in the middle section. Abundant precipitation recharge and large riverbed slope make the Yalu River Basin one of the basins with the richest water resources and water conservancy resources per unit area in Asia.
Over the past 80 years, a series of reservoirs have been built in the basin successively, including Shuifeng Reservoir (China-DPRK), Weiyuan Reservoir (China-DPRK), Tiejia Reservoir (China), Taipingshao Reservoir (China), Huanren Reservoir (China), Huilongshan Reservoir (China), Manfenghu Reservoir (DPRK), Banpingli Reservoir (DPRK), Shizhonghu Reservoir (DPRK), Langlinhu Reservoir (DPRK), Changjinhu Reservoir (DPRK), Fuzhanhu Reservoir (DPRK), Fengxi Lake Reservoir (DPRK), etc.
The dataset comprises geographic information system (GIS) data files for the main stream of the Yalu River, the Yalu River water system and the Yalu River Basin. It is stored in .kmz and .shp formats, with an uncompressed data size of 43.8 MB (compressed to 20.1 MB).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是鸭绿江流域与水系的地理信息数据，发布于2017年，基于2015年数据，覆盖中国和朝鲜部分地区，总面积约65215.49平方公里。数据集以矢量格式提供鸭绿江主流、水系和流域的详细信息，包括地形、气候、河流特征和水库分布，数据分辨率为1:2610586，适用于地理科学和物理地理学研究。