Salt Lake Valley tap water isotope ratio dataset

This data set contains stable isotope values of tap water collected in the Salt Lake Valley (SLV) from 2013 to 2016.

The proposed goals for the project was to:
1. Characterize tap water isoscapes across SLV to develop isotope budgets for tap water systems.
2. Use the budgets and infrastructure data to infer the most important contributing regions to different municipal systems and evaporative water loss from these systems.
3. Combine management data, isotope characterization of environmental waters, and tap water isotope data to develop isotopic fingerprints for contrasting water management practice

Data Collection Methods: Collected tap water from different municipal districts across the SLV in a series of bi-annual hydrological surveys. The samples are collected from local businesses, homes and offices in April and September/October every year since 2013.The survey was designed in hydrologically contrasting seasons to capture potential seasonal differences in the tap water isotopes.

Location of Data Collection: We have collected data from approximately 140 sites every survey so far. The sites are located within the Salt Lake county, Utah. So far we have collected more than 800 samples. Each site is assigned a unique site ID (for example: SLV-WS-049 which stands for Salt lake valley water site number 049). The metadata includes the complete address and geographic location of the sites.

Timing of Data Collection:
April (04/25/2013) and October 2013 (10/02/2013)
April (04/29/2014) and September 2014 (09/25/2014)
April (04/28/2015) and September 2015 (09/28/2015)
April (04/27/2016) and October 2016 (10/01/2016)

Data Analysis: For each site, samples were obtained by running the tap water for ~15 seconds before filling, capping and sealing (with parafilm) a clean 4 ml glass vial. Samples were analyzed for their isotopic composition within a few weeks of their collection at the Stable Isotope Ratios for Environmental Research (SIRFER), University of Utah, on Picarro L2130-i Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzer. All the sample values are reported using the δ notation, where δ=Rsample/Rstandard -1, R= 2H/1H and 18O/16O. Four injections of each sample were measured and corrected for memory effects, through-run drift, and calibrated to the VSMOW-VSLAP scale, using a suite of three laboratory reference waters (PZ: 16.9‰, 1.65‰; PT: -45.6‰, -7.23‰; UT: -123.1‰, -16.52‰; for δ2H and δ18O, respectively).

We published the results in Water resources research ( DOI: 10.1002/2016WR019104)

本数据集收录了2013年至2016年期间于盐湖谷（SLV）采集的自来水稳定同位素值。项目旨在：

1. 对盐湖谷的自来水同位素景观进行表征，以建立自来水系统的同位素收支。
2. 利用收支数据及基础设施信息，推断对各个市政系统贡献最大的区域以及这些系统蒸发水分的损失。
3. 结合管理数据、环境水体同位素表征以及自来水同位素数据，开发出对比不同水资源管理实践的同位素指纹。

数据采集方法：通过一系列年度水文调查，从盐湖谷不同市政区域采集自来水样本。自2013年起，每年四月及九月/十月进行采集，样本来源于当地商业机构、住宅和办公场所。调查设计考虑了水文条件差异的季节，以捕捉自来水同位素可能存在的季节性变化。

数据采集地点：截至目前，我们已从约140个地点收集数据，这些地点位于犹他州的盐湖县。迄今为止，已收集超过800个样本。每个地点分配有唯一的地点ID（例如：SLV-WS-049，代表盐湖谷水样编号049）。元数据包括地点的完整地址和地理坐标。

数据采集时间：

- 2013年4月（04/25/2013）和2013年10月（10/02/2013）
- 2014年4月（04/29/2014）和2014年9月（09/25/2014）
- 2015年4月（04/28/2015）和2015年9月（09/28/2015）
- 2016年4月（04/27/2016）和2016年10月（10/01/2016）

数据分析：针对每个地点，通过将自来水放流约15秒后，取样本进行装瓶、封口和密封（使用石蜡膜）。样本在采集后几周内在犹他大学的稳定同位素比环境研究（SIRFER）中心，使用Picarro L2130-i 指纹环下降光谱（CRDS）分析仪进行分析。所有样本值均采用δ符号表示，其中δ=Rsample/Rstandard -1，R= 2H/1H 和 18O/16O。每个样本进行四次注入测量，并校正记忆效应、连续运行漂移，并使用一套三份实验室参考水（PZ: 16.9‰，1.65‰；PT: -45.6‰，-7.23‰；UT: -123.1‰，-16.52‰；分别针对δ2H和δ18O）进行校准。

我们已在《水资源研究》（DOI: 10.1002/2016WR019104）上发表了研究结果。