Land use conversion weakens the cascading effects of plant diversity on temporal stability of high trophic levels at multiple spatial scales in grasslands

Land use intensification is known to imperil biodiversity and ecosystem stability, while the effects of land use conversion on the stability of multiple trophic levels at multiple spatial scales, particularly the linkages between plant diversity and high trophic level stability, remains to be elucidated. We conducted a 4‒years field experiment to quantify the temporal stability of plants and herbivory, predatory, and omnivorous beetles at the species (population stability), community (alpha stability), and among communities (gamma stability) levels as natural grasslands convert to managed grasslands.