<b>Deciphering the Interplay of Age, Gender, Education, and Heart Rate in Dementia among the Elderly Population of Wakiso, Uganda</b>
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<b>Introduction</b>: Dementia, a critical public health concern, involves a complex interplay of risk factors that are prominently influenced by age.<b>Aim</b>: Our study, conducted in Wakiso, Uganda, aimed to investigate the intricate interactions among age, sex, heart rate, and education in relation to dementia.<b>Methods</b>: Using a cross-sectional design from February to July 2023, we sampled 106 individuals aged 65 years and older, focusing on Alzheimer's disease and related dementia.<b>Results:</b> The findings revealed an age-related increase in the risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia, with a 1.19- and 1.22-times escalation, respectively, for each year. Being male demonstrated a protective effect against MCI, and education was correlated with a 28% risk reduction in MCI. The unclear association between education and dementia prompted further research. An elevated heart rate was significantly associated with a higher risk of both MCI and dementia. Sex did not affect the risk of developing dementia.<b>Conclusion:</b> Our study offers nuanced insights into dementia risk factors, emphasizing age susceptibility, sex distinctions, educational protection, and the cardiovascular dimension. Further research is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of and interventions for healthy cognitive aging.
**引言**：痴呆症是一项严峻的公共卫生议题，其危险因素间存在复杂的交互作用，且受年龄因素的显著影响。**研究目的**：本研究于乌干达瓦基索区开展，旨在探究年龄、性别、心率与受教育程度等因素与痴呆症之间的复杂交互关联。**研究方法**：本研究于2023年2月至7月采用横断面研究设计，招募了106名65岁及以上的受试者，研究聚焦于阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease）及其相关痴呆症。**研究结果**：研究结果显示，轻度认知障碍（Mild Cognitive Impairment, MCI）与痴呆症的发病风险随年龄增长而升高，每增加1岁，两类疾病的发病风险分别上升1.19倍与1.22倍。男性身份对轻度认知障碍具有保护作用，而受教育程度较高则可使轻度认知障碍的发病风险降低28%。受教育程度与痴呆症之间的关联尚不明确，有待后续研究进一步阐明。心率升高与轻度认知障碍及痴呆症的更高发病风险显著相关。性别对痴呆症的发病风险无显著影响。**研究结论**：本研究为痴呆症危险因素的相关机制提供了精细化的解析，凸显了年龄易感性、性别差异、教育的保护作用以及心血管层面的关联。未来仍需开展更多研究，以阐明健康认知老化的相关机制并开发对应的干预手段。
