Post-Apartheid Income and Expenditure Series 1995-2010 - South Africa

Abstract
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The main objective of the Post-Apartheid Income and Expenditure Series (PIES) is to try and ameliorate some of the inconsistencies that have resulted from the alterations that occured in the Income and Expenditure Surveys (IES) released by Statistics South Africa in the past two decades. At the time of the production of PIES version 1, four IESs had been conducted - in 1995, 2000, 2005-2006, and 2010-2011, and the data published by Statistics South Africa. Two major methodological changes in the 2005-2006 IES have complicated comparisons of the IES data over time. PIES stacks these four IES surveys and standardises, matches, and adjusts the data and the sampling weights. This produces consolidated, time-consistent, and item-comparable data that provides more accurate and nuanced interpretations of the income and consumption profiles of South African households over a span of 15 years.

Three files are released in version 1 of PIES. The first is a nominal dataset called "zaf-dpru-pies-nominal-v1" where no price adjustments have been made. For the other two datasets, the expenditure, income and other monetary values are deflated to June 2016 prices. There are two "real price" datasets because the deflation methods were different, which is discussed briefly here. Users are advised to consult the documentation for a detailed discussion. In “zaf-dpru-pies-real1-v1”, the nominal amounts for expenditure, income and other monetary values are deflated with “total CPI” indices, which were made for each year of the IES (1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010). A “total CPI” index is calculated as the weighted sum of the (sub)category price indices. The “zaf-dpru-pies-real2-v2” data however differs in two ways. Firstly, its expenditure items are deflated using multiple deflators instead of a single "total CPI" deflator. Secondly, the deflators for income, debt and other unmatched items are determined by the household's particular expenditure pattern.

Geographic coverage
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The surveys used to construct PIES had national coverage

Analysis unit
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Households and individuals

Universe
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The target population for each of the IES surveys is all SA households . Data users will need to consult the individual IES surveys for information on the universe for each survey.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Data users must consult the documentation available on the landing-page for each of the Income and Expenditure Survey datasets.

摘要
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《后种族隔离收入与支出系列》（PIES）的主要目标在于尝试纠正过去二十年中南非统计局发布之《收入与支出调查》（IES）所出现的一些不一致性。在PIES版本1的编制时期，已进行了四次IES调查——分别在1995年、2000年、2005-2006年和2010-2011年，以及由统计局发布的相应数据。2005-2006年IES中的两项重大方法论变更使得对IES数据的历时比较变得复杂。PIES将这四次IES调查合并，并对数据及抽样权重进行了标准化、匹配和调整。这产生了综合的、时间一致性和项目可比性强的数据，为南非法庭家庭在15年间的收入和消费状况提供了更加精确和细腻的解释。
版本1的PIES共发布了三个文件。第一个是未进行价格调整的名称数据集，名为“zaf-dpru-pies-nominal-v1”。对于其他两个数据集，支出、收入及其他货币价值均按2016年6月的物价进行了平减。由于平减方法不同，存在两个“实际价格”数据集，其具体讨论如下。用户应查阅相关文档以获取详细说明。在“zaf-dpru-pies-real1-v1”数据集中，支出、收入及其他货币价值的名义金额使用为每一年IES（1995年、2000年、2005年和2010年）编制的“总CPI”指数进行平减。总CPI指数是（子）类别价格指数的加权总和。然而，“zaf-dpru-pies-real2-v2”数据集在两个方面有所不同。首先，其支出项目使用多个平减器而不是单个“总CPI”平减器进行平减。其次，收入、债务及其他不匹配项目的平减器由家庭的特定支出模式确定。
地理覆盖范围
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用于构建PIES的调查具有全国覆盖。
分析单位
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家庭和个人
总体
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每个IES调查的目标总体为所有南非家庭。数据使用者需要查阅每个调查的单独IES调查以获取关于总体范围的信息。
数据类型
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样本调查数据
数据收集方式
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面对面调查 [f2f]
研究工具
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数据使用者必须查阅每个收入与支出调查数据集的着陆页上可用的文档。