Internal temperature and state-of-charge mapping for automotive lithium-ion batteries using ultra-fast P-XRD-CT

Fast-charging Li-ion cells that are sufficiently power dense while also durable and safe will increase the competitiveness of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). To achieve this, the local state-of-charge (SoC_ and temperature must be sufficiently controlled. However, in practice this is highly challenging and informed design from experimental feedback is not possible as invasive methods are required to obtain such information. In these experiments we will employ ultra-fast powder X-ray diffraction computed tomography to monitor the crystallography of the current collectors and electrodes within operating lithium-ion batteries to map the temperature and SoC in real-time. These experiments would be the first of the report of dual-temperature and SoC mapping during operation and the findings will have immediate tangible impacts upon our fundamental understandings of battery operation for researchers, as well as providing much needed insight for cell designers within the commercial sphere.