A comprehensive diverse Hog Plum (Spondias pinnata) leaf image dataset for precision agriculture and automated crop health assessment

The hog plum (Spondias pinnata) leaves are affected by diseases and insect infestations, which form a significant threat to sustainable crop production, resulting in low yields, low quality of fruit, and losses to agricultural economies such as Bangladesh. We present a full-scale Hog Plum Leaf Image Dataset that is intended to be designed in a multi-class manner to learn how to classify the level of leaf maturity, diseases, and insect attacks. The dataset contains high-resolution images of hog plum leaves taken in natural field conditions, with a wide variety of variations in the real world. There are 11 different classes. All the pictures were well marked with the help of the agricultural experts in order to have the correct annotation and class reliability.
Its dataset includes 5,425 original photographs that were taken during eight months (March 2025 to October 2025) in various locations within Bangladesh (Savar Bank-Town, Daffodil Smart City, and Bangladesh National Botanical Garden). Two Android smartphones, Google Pixel 7 and Samsung Galaxy A56 5G, were used to acquire images in varying environmental conditions. In order to improve the quality of the data and to decrease the class imbalance, a wide range of data augmentation methods was used, including rotation, flipping, zooming, shearing, noise addition, and brightness adjustment, which led to the overall count of 11,000 images, 1,000 of which represent the samples of each class.
#Original Dataset:
5,425 images in .jpg format, Categorized into 11 different classes.
Class Name Number of images (Original)
Anthracnose_Initial : 368
Anthracnose_Severe : 334
Deform_Shape : 454
Dried_Leaf : 505
Healthy_Leaf : 755
Insect_Infestation by White_Fly : 501
Insect_Infestation by Beetle : 538
Senescence_Leaf : 491
Shot_Hole : 490
Sooty_Mould : 500
Young_Leaf : 489

#Augmented Dataset:
11,000 images in .jpg format.
Each class has 1,000 images.