The role of dietary leucine and dairy protein on gastrocemius muscle gene expression

The primary aims of this study were: (i) to compare the effects of diets with protein derived from casein, casein supplemented with leucine, and complete dairy on body composition and insulin sensitivity; and (ii) to determine if there is a synergistic effect of dietary Ca and protein source on body composition and insulin sensitivity. Secondarily, we used microarray analysis to examine the effect of casein, leucine, or complete dairy containing diets on the expression of gastrocnemius muscle genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism.