Association of sibling factors with gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids among preschoolers

This study was conducted as the Adjunct Study of the Sub-Cohort Study of the Japan Environment and Childrens Study (JECS). The JECS recruited pregnant women with a goal of 100,000 mother-child dyads. To conduct extended exposure and outcome measurements, the JECS Main Study randomly extracted 5,000 participants for the Sub-Cohort. The Sub-Cohort study in five Regional Centers and RIKEN conducted the current study as the Adjunct Study and enrolled 903 at age 2 years from April 2015 to December 2016 and collected gut microbiome data at ages 2 and 4 years by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.