Cukrzyca typu 2 u pacjentów z bezobjawowym zwężeniem tętnicy szyjnej wewnętrznej a ryzyko udaru niedokrwiennego mózgu: ocena wpływu produktów zaawansowanej glikacji (AGEs) na prozakrzepowy fenotypu skrzepu fibrynowego

Stenosis of the internal carotid artery (CarS) is responsible for approximately 20–30% of ischemic strokes. In this study, we assessed the impact of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on coagulation parameters, including the fibrin clot phenotype, in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis accompanied by type 2 diabetes (T2DM), compared to patients without diabetes. Consecutive patients meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. After angiographic verification, internal carotid artery angioplasty was performed in accordance with current medical guidelines. During the periprocedural period, blood samples were collected for analysis, and the measurements were performed according to the methodology outlined in the study protocol. Routine laboratory tests were conducted. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Biorbyt, Cambridge, UK). The in vivo thrombin generation marker was assessed by measuring prothrombin fragment F1+2 levels (ELISA, Siemens, Marburg, Germany), and the level of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in plasma was measured using ELISA (Hyphen, Neuville-sur-Oise, France). Fibrin clot properties were evaluated by measuring clot permeability (Ks) and clot lysis time (CLT), as described previously [1]. References: 1. Ząbczyk M, Natorska J, Janion-Sadowska A, et al. Prothrombotic fibrin clot properties associated with NETs formation characterize acute pulmonary embolism patients with higher mortality risk. Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 10;10(1):11433.