Data and Code for: Immigrant Integration in the United States

Amid debates on whether and how to admit immigrants to the United States, policies designed to support immigrants after they arrive receive little attention. We estimate the effects of English language training for adult immigrants on participants’ civic and economic outcomes using randomized enrollment lotteries from a public adult ESOL program in Massachusetts. Participation doubles voter participation and increases annual earnings by $2,400 (56%). Increased tax revenue from earnings gains cover program costs over time, generating a 6% return for taxpayers. Ours is the first randomized evaluation of adult English language training as a standalone intervention in the United States.