NEUROHUMORAL REASONS IN MASTOPATHIES AND MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE BREAST

Neurohumoral factors, encompassing hormonal and neural regulatory mechanisms, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of mastopathies (benign breast diseases) and their potential malignant transformations into breast cancer. This literature review synthesizes evidence from key studies highlighting hormonal imbalances, such as estrogen-progesterone dysregulation and elevated prolactin, as primary drivers of fibrocystic mastopathy, alongside neural influences like sympathetic innervation and catecholamine dysregulation that promote tumor progression and metastasis. Methods involved systematic searches on PubMed and other databases for articles on neurohumoral mechanisms in breast diseases. Results indicate that disbalances in corticosteroids, adrenaline, and norepinephrine contribute to tissue alterations favoring malignancy, with stress-related neural pathways exacerbating metastatic potential. The discussion explores clinical implications, including the need for integrated endocrine and neurological interventions to mitigate risks. Overall, understanding these mechanisms could enhance prevention and therapeutic strategies for breast pathologies.