2022年农牧及旅游区有机废弃物物质和能量流、环境影响和风险评价数据集

随着我国农业综合生产能力不断提高，农作物产量增加，农作物秸秆资源的产量也相应增加，农作物的秸秆资源在我国已成为储量丰富、用途广泛的可再生生物资源。由于秸秆资源具有很大的分散性，尽管储量丰富，但是统计起来还是比较困难的，长久以来，对农作物秸秆资源的研究还不是很透彻，这就极大地制约了农作物秸秆资源的综合开发和利用，故在农作物秸秆资源开发和利用这方面，还有很好的发展出路和发展空间。因此，了解农作物秸秆资源储量，可以为秸秆资源的可持续发展和综合利用等提供一定的理论依据.另外，随着人们对生态环境的重视，畜禽养殖业和秸秆带来的环境污染问题受到越来越多的关注，畜禽粪便无害处理、防止秸秆露天焚烧也成为水、土、气污染防治的工作之一。明确现有有机资源总量和有机资源养分的区域分布，有助于制定出更加合理的有机资源养分管理措施，减少环境污染，推动农业绿色发展。目前，针对农牧区废弃物进行的物质流研究较少，相关研究主要集中在农牧系统的循环过程。黄宗文等针对东北地区音河模式区林农牧生态系统的物质流和能量流进行了统计分析，构成及循环路径和流量进行了系统性研究，并根据分析结果给出了提高物质流转化效率的相关建议。员学锋等针对循环农业园产业链的运行状况和存在问题，通过物质流和能量流分析方法进行资源配置优化，提出了循环农业园优化调整的思路。本研究以地处祁连山腹地的武威市凉州区农牧生产系统和景区为具体研究对象，利用物质流分析方法，分析作物秸秆还田、畜禽粪便肥料化利用以及秸秆和畜禽粪便基质生产过程的物质/能源输入输出过程，分析N、P、K等关键元素在全生命周期的转换过程，识别资源消耗高、环境影响大和潜在风险高的关键环节。

With the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive agricultural production capacity and the increase in crop yields, the output of crop straw resources has also increased accordingly. Crop straw has become a renewable biological resource with abundant reserves and wide applications in China. Due to the high dispersion of straw resources, despite their abundant reserves, it is still relatively difficult to quantify them. For a long time, research on crop straw resources has not been thorough enough, which has greatly restricted the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of crop straw resources. Therefore, there remains considerable development potential and room for progress in the exploitation and utilization of crop straw resources. Clarifying the reserves of crop straw resources can provide a certain theoretical basis for the sustainable development and comprehensive utilization of straw resources. In addition, with the growing emphasis on the ecological environment, environmental pollution caused by livestock and poultry farming and crop straw has attracted increasing attention. The harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure and the prevention of open burning of straw have also become part of water, soil and air pollution prevention and control work. Clarifying the total amount of existing organic resources and the regional distribution of their nutrients will help formulate more reasonable nutrient management measures for organic resources, reduce environmental pollution, and promote green agricultural development. Currently, there are relatively few material flow studies focusing on agricultural and pastoral area wastes, and relevant research mainly focuses on the circular processes of agro-pastoral systems. Huang et al. conducted statistical analysis on the material flow and energy flow of the forest-agro-pastoral ecosystem in the Yinhe Model Area of Northeast China, carried out a systematic study on its composition, circulation paths and flow rates, and put forward relevant suggestions for improving material flow conversion efficiency based on the analysis results. Yuan et al. aimed at the operation status and existing problems of the industrial chain of circular agricultural parks, optimized resource allocation through material flow and energy flow analysis methods, and proposed ideas for optimizing and adjusting circular agricultural parks. This study takes the agro-pastoral production system and scenic areas in Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, which is located in the hinterland of the Qilian Mountains, as specific research objects. Using the material flow analysis method, it analyzes the material/energy input and output processes in the applications of crop straw returning to the field, the fertilizer utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and the production of straw and livestock and poultry manure substrates. It also analyzes the conversion processes of key elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) throughout the life cycle, and identifies key links with high resource consumption, great environmental impact and high potential risks.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于2022年农牧及旅游区的有机废弃物，通过物质流分析方法研究其物质和能量流动过程，评估环境影响和潜在风险。它旨在分析N、P、K等关键元素在全生命周期的转换，识别高资源消耗、环境影响和风险的关键环节，为有机废弃物的可持续管理和农业绿色发展提供理论依据。